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Céline Borde (CIRB CDF)
During the E. coli cell cycle, DNA is exposed to coiling variations induced by biological processes such as replication or transcription. Four topoisomerases contribute to the maintenance of DNA homeostasis (TopoI, Gyrase, TopoIII and TopoIV). Among them, TopoI which function appeared to be mostly linked to the relaxation of negative supercoils induced by transcription and TopoIV that promotes...
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Marco Di Stefano (IGH)
Marco Di Stefano, Ivana Jerkovic, Giacomo Cavalli
Institute of Human Genetics, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chromatine et Biologie Cellulaire, 34094 Montpellier, FranceChromosome structural organization contributes to fundamental processes in the cell nucleus, including DNA transcription, replication, and repair. Experimental and theoretical works unveiled that...
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Pierre-Alexandre Vidi (Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest)
Maelle Locatelli2, Chloé Hommais1, Fadil Iqbal3, Keith Bonin4, Kerry Bloom2, Jing Liu3, and Pierre-Alexandre Vidi1
1 Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest, Angers, France
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2 Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
3 Department of Physics, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, USA
4 Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem,... -
Dr hossein salari (Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon)
The loop-extrusion process has emerged as a pivotal mechanism governing chromosome organization within the nucleus. However, the impact of this process on the effective stiffness of chromosomes remains largely unexplored. In this study, we introduce a novel polymer model to investigate the force-extension behavior of chromosomes with loop-extrusion activity. Our analytical and simulation...
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Mlle Linda Delimi (Laboratoire Charles Coulomb)
The bacterial DNA segregation is mainly performed with the ParABS system. It is composed of ParB, a binding protein, ParA, an ATPase and parS, a specific binding DNA sequence that ParB binds parS with high affinity. Hundreds of ParB are recruited around parS into a complex, called ParBS, which displays liquid-like properties.
Recently, it has been shown that ParB is using energy stored as...
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Olivier GADAL (Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), UMR5077 CNRS, bat IBCG)
Claudie Carron1, Carine Dominique1, Nana Kadidia Maiga 1, Mickaël Lelek2, Thomas Mangeat3, Frédéric Beckouët1, Christian Rouvière3, Isabelle Léger-Silvestre1, Sylvain Cantaloube3, Christophe Zimmer2, Anthony K. Henras1, Benjamin Albert1and Olivier Gadal1.
1: MCD (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31000, Toulouse, France
2: Imaging and Modeling Unit, Department of...
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Dr Vinnarasi SARAVANAN (University of Lille)
Uracil can exist in dsDNA by spontaneous cytosine deamination or by misincorporation of dUMP instead of dTMP during the replication process [1]. A highly specific Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) enzyme recognizes and excise the flipped uracil base from the dsDNA helix; this mechanism is part of the base-excision repair (BER) pathway [2]. There remains a lack of complete understanding in the...
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fabiola garcia fernandez (INSERM)
ADP-ribosylation signaling by PARP1 is a key early event of the DNA damage response (DDR). PARP1 recruitment occurs within seconds upon DNA damage, triggering the accumulation of ADP-ribose binding repair factors and regulating chromatin architecture at sites of DNA damage. Histones, which are the second main target of this signaling pathway after PARP1 itself, are ADP-ribosylated, causing a...
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Estelle Brendon (LMGM-CBI, Université Toulouse 3)
Coordina3ng chromosome segrega3on with cell division is a key-step of the cell cycle for any bacteria. E. coli does not seem to require an ac3ve system to segregate its chromosomes. Instead, entropy and a specific organiza3on of the chromosome into domains seem to explain the observed choreography. MatP is the DNA-binding protein responsible for organizing the ter region by preven3ng the SMC...
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Philippe Collas (University of Oslo)
Recent studies suggest an involvement of nuclear lamins in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer progression. However, the extent to which nuclear lamins, as genome organizers, are implicated in EMT remains both not consensual and unclear. We have addressed the role of A-type lamins (lamin A/C) in an MCF10A breast epithelial cell model of EMT induction by TGFβ. LMNA...
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Perrine Revoil (Université Toulpuse III Paul Sabatier - Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaires)
In bacteria, low-copy-number replicons carry self-specific partition systems to ensure their faithful segregation. Among these systems, ParABS partition systems, consisting of a Walker-type ATPase (ParA) and a DNA-binding protein (ParB) along with parS centromere sites, are the most prevalent on plasmids and the only one present on chromosomes. ParB proteins, recently shown to belong to a...
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Adrien Birot (Université de Bordeaux et de Montpellier - CNRS)
The rewiring of glucose metabolism from mitochondrial respiration to
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fermentation is a hallmark of cancer. This metabolic adaptation has been exploited in
ongoing therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. Notably, treating cancer cells with the
glucose analog 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) reduces their proliferation presumably by
dampening the rate of glycolysis. However, this treatment leads to... -
Erwan LE FLOCH (Université PAUL SABATIER)
Collagen gels are ubiquitous materials found in biological tissues, serving as structural support, regulating cellular processes, or contributing to wound healing.
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Multiple models elucidate their tensile behavior through the lens of polymer physics [[1]][1].
Nevertheless, the characteristics of these gels under hydrodynamic pressure remain largely unexplored. Our recent findings... -
Iris Veyrier (LMGM CBI)
During cell cycle, the bacteria must transmit all the genetic information it contains to its daughter cells. To do this, the chromosome and the plasmids, which form the replicons, must be duplicated through replication, then segregated in each daughter cell. However, replication and segregation events must be finely coordinated with cell division. Many proteins are involved in the regulation...
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Nathan Lecouvreur (IGMM)
Studying nuclear micro-environments, particularly membrane-less organelles (MLO) like Cajal-bodies, PML-bodies, speckles or paraspeckles, has always been a challenge. Indeed, such MLO constitute micro-environments with high molecular crowding which typically result from liquid-liquid phase separation. However, the isolation of such liquid-like droplets and the characterization of their...
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Leonid Mirny (MIT and Institut Curie)
During mitosis, interphase chromatin is rapidly converted into rod-shaped mitotic chromosomes. Using Hi-C, imaging, proteomics and polymer modeling, we determine how the activity and interplay between loop-extruding SMC motors accomplishes this dramatic transition. Our work reveals rules of engagement for SMC complexes that are critical for allowing cells to refold interphase chromatin into...
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Hafez El Sayyed (University of Oxford)
During transcription elongation, NusG aids RNA polymerase by inhibiting pausing, promoting anti-termination on rRNA operons, coupling transcription with translation on mRNA genes, and facilitating Rho-dependent termination. Despite extensive work, the in vivo functional allocation and spatial distribution of NusG remain unknown. Using single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging in...
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Justine Groseille (1 Dynamique des chromosomes - CIRB, College de de France et Institut Pasteur)
Study of the role of the bacteriophage T4 protein, Ndd in the disorganization of the bacterial nucleoid in E. coli
Justine Groseille1, 2 (groseillejustine@gmail.com),Cristian Ilioaia4, Agnès Thierry2, Cristian Ilioaia4, Romain Koszul2, Olivier Espéli1
1 Dynamique des chromosomes - CIRB, College de de France, PARIS, France
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2 UMR3525- Regulation spatiale des génomes, Institut Pasteur,... -
Frédéric Bantignies (CNRS)
Genome 3D organization is highly complex, made of several layers of organization from nucleosome to chromosome territory. At the Megabase scale, the genome is partitioned into Topologically Associating Domains (TADs), that may define functional genomic units. TADs are mostly revealed by cell population-based assays such Hi-C and their organization is defined by the extrusion action of cohesin...
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Sarah DANCHE
In eukaryotes, the nucleolus is a specialized nuclear compartment where the early stages of ribosome biogenesis take place. The nucleolar organization and ribosomal DNA compaction reflect ribosome production from yeast to human.
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In yeast, ribosomal DNA is a unique 1-2 Mb region of chromosome XII in which 100-200 copies of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) are repeated. Ribosome assembly is initiated by...
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