Addressing QCD processes in a first principle manner requires a real-time, nonperturbative method. It is well known that the Schwinger model [QED in (1+1) dimensions] shares many common properties with QCD, including confinement, chiral symmetry breaking, and the existence of vacuum fermion condensate. As a step in developing such an approach, we report here on fully quantum simulations, using...
The ratio between (multi-)strange and non-strange hadron yield increases with the charged particle multiplicity, revealing a smooth transition from low multiplicity pp collisions to central Pb--Pb collisions. Enhanced production of strange hadrons in heavy-ion collisions compared to pp collisions, originally proposed as a signature of QGP formation in nuclear
collisions. Recently, similar...
In ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, strong electromagnetic fields arising from the Lorentz-contracted, highly charged nuclei can be approximated as a large flux of high-energy quasi-real photons that can interact via the Breit-Wheeler process to produce $e^{+}e^{-}$ pairs. The collision energy dependence of the cross section and the transverse momentum distribution of dielectrons from...
We present a unique signal of jet-induced medium response: the enhancement
of baryon-to-meson ratios for associated particles at intermediate transverse momentum around the triggered quenched jets. Since the lost energy from the jets can diffuse to large angles, we expect that such baryon-to-meson-ratio enhancement is stronger for larger distance with respect to the jet axis. Our prediction...
Measurements of azimuthal correlations provide valuable information on the properties of the system created in collisions of hadrons and nuclei at high energy. They revealed an unexpected collective behaviour in small collision systems similar to the one exhibited by the quark--gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions. In this talk, the origin of collectivity in small collision systems, which is...
Strangeness production in heavy-ion collisions is a longstanding and actively researched topic, offering crucial insights into the properties of strongly interacting matter. The NA61/SHINE experiment at CERN SPS North Area is one of the leading experiments in this field, focusing on measuring hadron production in a wide range of collision energies and system sizes.
This talk emphasizes the...
Studying heavy-flavor production in heavy-ion collisions (HIC) can improve our understanding of parton interactions with the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Due to their significant mass, heavy quarks (charm and bottom) are mainly produced in the initial phase of high-energy HIC, when hard scatterings are prevalent, and thus experience the entire evolution of the QGP. One way to study heavy quarks...
In context of the search for the QCD critical endpoint in heavy-ion collisions, a deep understanding of the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of the system is necessary to make well-grounded predictions for signatures in final states. To this end, we investigate the dynamic critical behavior of a classical scalar field theory with $Z_2$ symmetry in the dynamic universality class of Model A in two...
Charmonia is a valuable tool for investigating nuclear matter under extreme conditions, particularly within the strongly interacting medium formed during heavy-ion collisions. At the high energies of the LHC, the regeneration process, driven by the plentiful production of charm quarks, has been found to significantly impact the observed charmonium characteristics. It is important to conduct...
We study charmonium states, J/ψ, ψ(2S), and χc1(1P) mesons in heavy ion collisions by focusing on their production from the charm and anti-charm quarks in a quark-gluon plasma by coalescence. Starting from the investigation of the difference in their internal structures or different wave functions of charmonium states, we calculate the yield and transverse momentum distributions of charmonium...
Recent experimental results on two-particle correlations within jets highlight a strong correlation at extremely large charged-particle jets multiplicities. This has hypothesized the idea of a formation of a hot and dense QCD medium within high-multiplicity jets in pp collisions. This observation suggests a novel aspect of particle interaction dynamics in pp collisions, previously thought to...
High-energy cosmic ray experiments consistently report an excess of secondary cosmic ray muons at ground level, defying predictions from prevalent high-energy interaction models: a phenomenon known as the “Muon Puzzle”. The universal enhancement of strangeness and baryon production in p-p, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions seen by the ALICE collaboration [Nat. Phys. 13, 535 (2017)] could provide an...
Strangeness production in heavy-ion collisions provides crucial insights into strongly interacting matter. The ratio of charged kaons to pions serves as a signature of deconfinement, with experimental observations revealing a distinct horn structure. The Induced Surface Tension (IST) Hadron Resonance Gas Model [1] effectively describes strangeness production and the horn structure, offering...
The early stage of a heavy-ion collision is marked by rapid entropy production and the transition from a gluon saturated initial condition to a plasma of quarks and gluons. Even in the early times of the hydrodynamic evolution, the chemical composition of the QCD medium is still largely unknown. Here we study the effects of quark chemical equilibration on the (Q)GP using a novel model of...
In high-energy heavy-ion collision experiments, the study of the pre-thermalization phase known as the Glasma and its subsequent evolution into the Quark-Gluon Plasma has revealed profound insights into Quantum Chromodynamics. The Glasma, arising from the collision of ultra-relativistic heavy ions, is characterized by highly non-equilibrium color fields and huge energy densities, significantly...
We propose a new way of studying the spin content of a hadron by looking at its response in a rotating frame. By collecting all responses of quarks and gluons in a rotating frame, we describe the spin-rotation coupling of spin-1 quarkonia and thereby reveal their spin contents in a fully relativistic way. We demonstrate that both the perturbative and non-perturbative contributions in the...
The transverse energy in heavy ion collisions is one of the key observables characterizing global properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). The transverse energy per unit pseudorapidity (dE$_T$/d$\eta$) probes the energy carried by the medium along the longitudinal direction, providing essential information related to the initial geometry and subsequent hydrodynamic evolution of the QGP....
We calculate the tensor polarization and the resulted spin alignment of a generic vector meson in local equilibrium up to the first order in hydrodynamic gradients using thermal field theory with dissipative effects incorporated. Several new contributions, including a novel shear-induced tensor polarization (SITP), are discovered and turn out sensitive to the in-medium spectral properties of...
Quarkyonic matter is a possible realization of dense QCD matter, corresponding to a mixture of hadrons and quarks with a mixed phase in momentum space. Recently, the quantum van der Waals theory of quarkyonic matter was developed [Phys. Rev. C 108 (2023) 045202], indicating that quarkyonic regime in symmetric nuclear matter may occur at densities as low as twice the saturation density,...
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions generate extremely strong electromagnetic (EM) fields, providing an ideal environment to study the EM excitation of the vacuum. The Breit-Wheeler process, which involves the electron-position pair production via photon-photon interactions, represents the lowest-order decay mode of the QED vacuum excitation. Its expeirmental verification by the STAR experiment...
Hypernuclei are bound nuclear systems of nucleons and hyperons. The intrinsic properties of hypernuclei, such as their binding energy and lifetime, provide experimental avenues for studying the hyperon-nucleon (Y-N) interaction. The Y-N interaction, as an essential ingredient in the equation of state of high-baryon-density matter, remains poorly constrained. The precise measurement of...
Investigating strangeness production and propagation in heavy-ion collisions in the few GeV energy regime is a sensitive tool for studying the properties of matter at high baryo-chemical potential.
In this contribution, we present results on the production of strange hadrons from a total of $3\times10^9$ most active Ag(1.58$A$ GeV)+Ag events recorded with HADES and compare the measured...
sPHENIX is a next-generation, state-of-the-art particle detector at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) that has recently taken its first dataset of 200 GeV Au+Au collisions during a commissioning run in 2023. From this inaugural dataset, the anisotropic flow (v_n) of neutral pions (pi0's) has been measured for the first time in the sPHENIX detector using the scalar product method....
Measurements at the LHC have provided evidence for collective behavior in high-multiplicity proton-proton (pp) and proton-lead (pPb) collisions through multiparticle correlation techniques. To investigate detailed properties of this collectivity, a comprehensive study of differential Fourier coefficients ($v_{n}$) in particle transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}$) and event multiplicity is...
We use open charm production to estimate how far we can see back in time in high-energy hadron-hadron collisions. We analyze the transverse momentum distributions of the identified D mesons from pp, p–Pb and A–A collisions at the ALICE and STAR experiments covering the energy range from $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV up to 7 TeV. While the low-momentum part of the spectra can be associated with...
We extend the Quantum van der Waals description of nuclear matter at zero temperature to a high baryon density region by incorporating the continuous transition to quark matter in accordance with the recently proposed quarkyonic approach [1]. The nucleon-nucleon interaction parameters are fixed from the empirical properties of the nuclear ground state. The resulting equation of state exhibits...
Collective flow and energy loss are two of the most important tools to study the Quark-Gluon Plasma formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Collective flow is usually explored through soft particles correlations while energy loss studies normally uses hard probes, as heavy flavor quarks or jets coming from hard scattering of partons. However, the interplay between these two ways of...
Utilizing rapidity-dependent measurements to map the QCD phase diagram provides a complementary approach to traditional beam energy-dependent measurements around midrapidity. The changing nature of thermodynamic properties of QCD matter along the beam axis in heavy-ion collisions at low collision energies both motivate and pose challenges for this method. In this study, we derive the...
Correlations between the harmonic flow coefficients $v_1$, $v_2$, $v_3$ and $v_4$ of nucleons in peripheral Au+Au collisions at 1.23A GeV are investigated with the Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics model employing different Equations-of-State (hard Skyrme, soft Skyrme, Chiral-Mean-Field). Using an event-by-event selection based on the final state $v_2$ it is shown that the...
Thermalization of the quark gluon plasma (QGP) created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is a crucial theoretical question in understanding the onset of hydrodynamics, and in a broad sense, a key step to the exploration of thermalization in quantum systems.
Addressing this problem theoretically, in a first principle manner, requires a real-time, non-perturbative method. To this end, we...
We study quasinormal $f−$mode oscillations in neutron star(NS) interiors within the linearized General Relativistic formalism. We utilize approximately 9000 nuclear Equations of State (EOS) using spectral representation techniques, incorporating constraints on nuclear saturation properties, chiral Effective Field Theory( $\chi$EFT) for pure neutron matter, and perturbative Quantum...
Measurements of correlations between heavy-flavor decay electrons and charged particles are used to study heavy-flavor production in hadronic collisions, and to characterize the heavy-quark in-medium energy loss in heavy-ion collisions, where a quark–gluon plasma is created. We are investigating the charm quark production and interaction in the near and away side of the hadron-triggered jet...
We employ a novel event-by-event multistage framework for simulating heavy-ion collisions which includes finite baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness due to fluctuations in the initial state. This novel framework generates an initial condition using the McDIPPER saturation based event generator which has been upgraded to include charge fluctuations, followed by pre-equilibrium...
The Zubarev approach of the non-equilibrium statistical operator [1] is used to account for the enhancement of the low-$p_T$ part of pion spectra by introducing an effective pion chemical potential [2]. This is an alternative to the explanation of the low-$p_T$ enhancement by resonance decays. We report on first results obtained with a newly developed thermal particle generator that implements...
In this study, we investigate the polarization parameters of J/$\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) in proton-proton (pp) collisions at LHC energies, utilizing PYTHIA8 to analyze dimuon angular distributions. Our findings reveal intriguing insights: at low transverse momentum ($p_{T}$), both particles exhibit longitudinal polarization, transitioning to transverse polarization at higher $p_{T}$ in both...
Recent experimental results present collectivity also in small systems with high-multiplicity. Today these phenomena are not completely understood: it is an important question whether the presence of the QGP is necessary for the observed collectivity or not. Moreover, the connection between the experimental observables and theories is not trivial. In our phenomenological study we introduce the...
The production of strange quarks and antiquarks in high-energy collisions of
heavy ions is a significant indicator for the creation of a state of matter known
as Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). The QGP is characterized by the liberation of
quarks and gluons from their confinement inside hadrons. Due to their instant
decay via weak interactions, strange quarks and antiquarks are not present...
We assume a relatively weak magnetic field at $0.01-0.1 m_{\pi}^{2}$ level in the QGP. In approximate equilibrium, the quark distribution function is modified by the electromagnetic field. The quark and anti-quark tend to move back to back in the plane. As a consequence, the virtual photons are produced in the polarized states. Virtual photon polarization is characterized by coefficients...
Deciphering the hadronization process has long been a formidable challenge, in part due to its non-perturbative nature. Over the years, various phenomenological models have emerged, all attempting to unravel the complexity of hadron production. Despite their different theoretical foundations, many of these models successfully account for the average yield of hadrons. This has spurred the...
This talk presents the latest result on the energy-energy correlator using the archived ALEPH e+e- data taken at the LEP at a center of mass energy of sqrt(s) = 91.2 GeV. The energy-energy corrector presents a different way to study QCD concerning other approaches utilizing jets and (sub)structures, garnering recent increased interest in this observable in hadronic collision systems at the LHC...
The spectral functions of chiral partners should become degenerate when the QCD chiral symmetry is restored. The axial-vector spectra are experimentally more challenging to construct than those of vector mesons that directly couple to virtual photons and then to dileptons. Chiral mixing of the vector with axial-vector mesons is thus a key phenomenon to probe in-medium modifications of vector...
After four decades of measurement of strange hadrons produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions we are now at disposal of over 100 yields of K$^{\pm,0}$, $\phi$ and $\Lambda$. It's a good time to systematize them as function of available energy, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ and number of participant nucleons, $\langle A_\mathrm{part} \rangle_\mathrm{b}$.
However, as different collaborations used different...
The measurement of the production of hadrons containing charm or beauty quarks in proton–proton ($pp$) collisions provides an important test for perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations ($p$QCD).
The ALICE detector allows us to perform precise measurements of non-prompt D-meson production, which are an excellent tool to investigate the production of beauty quarks in $pp$ collisions....
NA61/SHINE is a multipurpose fixed-target experiment located at CERN SPS. One of its main goals is to study the onset of deconfinement and the properties of strongly interacting matter. For this purpose, a unique two-dimensional scan in collision energy (sqrt(s_NN) = 5.1 - 17.3 GeV) and system size was performed.
Results on identified hadron spectra produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions,...
Two-particle correlation functions provide critical information about the medium created in heavy-ion collisions. Recent ALICE measurements have demonstrated large dynamical correlations between produced neutral and charged kaons in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}} = 2.76 $ TeV. These integrated correlations cannot be described by conventional heavy-ion models, such as EPOS and AMPT....
The substantial mass of charm quarks makes them an ideal tool for probing the de-confined medium of quarks and gluons. These charm quarks interact with the medium, thereby carrying vital information about it, before undergoing hadronization to form heavy flavor hadrons.
In this study, we make use of the color string percolation model (CSPM) and the van der Waals Hadron Resonance Gas...
Among the most important results from Run1 and Run2 at the LHC is the observation of enhanced production of (multi-)strange to non-strange hadron yields, gradually rising from low-multiplicity to high-multiplicity pp and p--Pb collisions, reaching values close to those measured in peripheral Pb--Pb collisions. More insightful information about the production mechanism could be provided by...
Measurements of beauty-hadron production in ultrarelativistic hadronic collisions provide a fundamental tool for testing perturbative QCD calculations. In particular, these calculations include a fragmentation function, which models the transition from the quark to a hadron state and is parameterized based on measurements in leptonic collisions. Recent results have shown that the beauty...
One of the key challenges of hadron physics today is understanding the origin of strangeness enhancement in high-energy hadronic collisions, i.e. the increase of (multi-)strange hadron yields relative to non-strange hadron yields with increasing charged-particle multiplicity. The microscopic origin of this phenomenon is still not fully understood: is it related to hard scattering events, such...
One main motivation of the Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at RHIC is to search for the QCD critical point and the onset of deconfinement. Strangeness production has been suggested as a sensitive probe to the early dynamics of the deconfined matter created in heavy-ion collisions. Ratios of particle yields involving strange particles are often utilized to study various properties of the nuclear...
Quarkonium production has long been identified as one of the golden probes to study the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The early production of heavy quarks ($c\bar{c}$ and $b\bar{b}$) make quarkonia an ideal probe to investigate the evolution of the hot and dense medium produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Among many observables, the measurement of azimuthal anisotropies (expressed...
We simulate deuteron production in Pb+Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV and focus particularly on the elliptic flow. Two models for the production are compared: direct thermal production and coalescence. In coalescence, the yield of deuterons with certain momentum depends on the size of the region producing the nucleons from which the deuteron is composed. The elliptic flow also depends on how the...
Key aspects in modeling the formation of bound systems such as the deuteron in high-energy collision are the understanding of the strong interaction between nucleons and the characterization of the nucleon-emitting source, which is particularly relevant in models of nucleon coalescence. In this respect, the femtoscopy technique has proven to be a great tool to study both the particle emitting...
Compact stars (CS) are stellar remnants of massive stars. Inside CSs the density is so high that matter is in subatomic form composed of nucleons. With the increase in density of matter towards the center of the objects other degrees of freedom like hyperons, heavier non-strange baryons, and meson condensates may appear. Not only that at higher densities, the nucleons may get decomposed into...
Due to Debye-like color screening of quarkonium binding potential,
quarkonium suppression has been proposed as an important signature of
quark-gluon plasma, produced in central heavy ion collisions. However the
quarkonium production mechanism is still an unresolved question. The
production can happen through hard scattering and an intermediate Color Singlet or Color Octet states, which...
One of the important topics in strong interaction physics is the study of in-medium properties of hadrons, which has direct relevance to Heavy Ion Collision experiments. Several experiments, e.g. CERN-SPS, KEK-PS E325, RHIC-PHENIX, etc., have indicated the influence of the generated medium on the properties of the hadrons. In this work, we investigate the in-medium properties of open strange...
The sPHENIX experiment represents a novel detector system at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at BNL. Its main goal is to advance our understanding of Quark Gluon Plasma and Cold-QCD by studying jet and heavy-flavor observables with a high-precision tracking system.
The sPHENIX tracking system comprises the MVTX, TPC, TPOT, and Intermediate Silicon Tracker (INTT). This poster aims to...
Anisotropic flow parameters $(v_{n})$ are important observables as they provide insight into the collecIve expansion and transport properIes of the medium produced in relaIvisIc heavy-ion collisions. Among these parameters, directed flow ($v_1$) describes the collecIve sideward motion of produced parIcles in heavy-ion collisions. It is an important probe to study the in-medium dynamics as it...
Measuring chiral partners, such as $\rm{K_1}$ and $\rm{K^*}$ mesons, whose vacuum widths are less than 100 MeV, is suitable for investigating chiral symmetry restoration in heavy-ion collisions.
According to a recent theoretical calculation, the $\rm{K_1/K^*}$ ratio in heavy-ion collisions is predicted to be substantially larger than the value obtained using the statistical hadronisation...
NA61/SHINE is a multipurpose, fixed-target experiment located at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). The main goal of its strong interaction program is to study the properties of the onset of deconfinement and search for the critical point.
Resonance production is one of the key observables to study the dynamics of high-energy collisions. In dense systems created in heavy...
Short-lived resonances are ideal probes to study the properties of the hadron gas phase created in heavy-ion collisions in the post-hadronization phase. Since the resonance lifetime is comparable to that of the hadron gas phase, their yields are affected by the competing rescattering and regeneration effects. These can be studied experimentally by measuring the yield ratios of resonances to...
In heavy-ion collisions, strange particles are not present before the collision, as they are absent in normal matter. Consequently, strange particles must be produced during or shortly after the collision. Therefore, the production of strange quarks serves as an important probe for the underlying physics of heavy-ion collisions.
In this project, we will investigate strangeness production...
The strongly interacting quarks and gluons plasma (QGP) phase is a must to exhibit the collective behavior. Experimental observations from heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) revealed such collective phenomena. Additionally, intriguing features like strangeness enhancement further support the existence of QGP in these...
In ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions (UPCs), vector meson photoproduction, e.g., $\rho^{0}$ and $J/\psi$, has been considered one of the most sensitive probes for studying the gluonic structure in heavy nuclei. The linear polarization of the photons involved in these processes can help to image the nucleus through the so-called spin interference effect in vector meson photoproduction. Many...
The comparison between the production of short-lived resonances (e.g., $K^{*}$) to non-resonances (e.g., $K$) is commonly employed to understand the role of re-scattering and regeneration processes that occur during the late stages of hadronic interactions. Additionally, the neutral ($K^{*0}$ $(d\bar{s})$) and charged ($K^{*+}$ $(u\bar{s})$) vector mesons share similar mass and isospin, but...
The main goals of relativistic heavy-ion collisions at various energies at RHIC include the study of the QCD phase structure and the properties of the quark gluon plasma. Strange hadrons have been suggested as sensitive probes to the early dynamics of the fireball created in heavy-ion collisions. Ratios of particle yields involving strange particles are often utilized to study various...
Ratios of production yields of different charm hadron species are a sensitive observable to study the hadronization process.
Recently, the ALICE Collaboration reported the production yield of charm baryons ($\Lambda_\mathrm{c}^{+}$, $\Sigma_\mathrm{c}^{0,++}$, $\Xi_\mathrm{c}^{0,+}$, $\Omega_\mathrm{c}^{0}$) relative to that of $\mathrm{D}$ mesons in proton--proton collisions.
The measured...
We study the energy deposition and thermalisation of high-momentum on-shell partons (minijets) travelling through a non-equilibrium Quark-Gluon Plasma using QCD kinetic theory. For thermal backgrounds, we show that the parton energy first flows to the soft sector by collinear cascade and then isotropises via elastic scatterings. In contrast, the momentum deposition from a minijet reaches the...
The physics of the recently observed spin polarization of Λ hyperons in heavy-ion collisions is still ambiguous and is under intense investigation. The evolution of the medium is governed by QCD. Thus, it is necessary to incorporate the equation of state (EoS) for the hot QCD medium in our theory. This can be achieved by considering an effective model with a spacetime-dependent mass. Hence, we...
There is currently no agreed-upon description of the interactions that heavy flavored hadrons undergo in the late stages of a heavy ion collision. Although a significant effort is being done to study heavy flavor creation and diffusion during the partonic evolution, the same cannot be said about the hadronic rescattering stage. This leaves open questions such as how much anisotropic flow of...
We investigate the possibility of constraining the Lambda ($\Lambda$) potential in dense nuclear matter from the $\Lambda$ directed flow ($v_1$).
The hyperon puzzle in neutron stars, extensively discussed in recent decades, refers to the problem that most of the equations of state (EOS) with hyperons are not sufficiently stiff to support the observed massive neutron stars. The presence or...
We present a comprehensive differential study of hyperon polarization in
(ultra-)central Au+Au collisions at low and intermediate energies, employing the microscopic transport model UrQMD in conjunction with the statistical hadron-resonance gas model. This study entails a complex analysis of the of the fireball dynamics and thermal vorticity field evolution. The resulting thermal vorticity...
Extensive research at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) on Pb-Pb and Au-Au collisions have helped us develop and understand the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in heavy-ion collisions. Recent investigation suggests that QGP-droplets may occur in small collision systems such as high-multiplicity pp collisions. O-O collisions are...
Heavy ion collisions that aim to probe phase transitions and critical phenomena require robust predictions for fluctuation observables. Today, a major challenge preventing the systematic study of event-by-event stochastic dynamical models for critical fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions is the lattice spacing dependence of physical observables. It arises from discretizating such models,...
The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions has exhibited properties of a mostly perfect fluid. These properties can be observed through the hydrodynamic expansion of the QGP. Experimentally, this was established by measuring azimuthal anisotropies in the final state, known as elliptic flow ($v_2$) or higher order harmonics such as triangular flow...
The ALICE experiment changed its data-taking strategy from triggered to continuous detector readout and underwent several detectors upgrades, in order to cope with the LHC Run3 luminosity increase and maximize the amount of data collected. Among the aforementioned upgrades, the installation of the new muon forward tracker (MFT) enriches the study of quarkonium production previously carried out...
This study focuses on measuring b-jet production in pp collisions at 13.6 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The accurate identification of b-jets is crucial for understanding heavy-flavor quark fragmentation. To achieve this, we apply heavy flavor tagging techniques, including track counting and the secondary vertex method. These techniques significantly enhance the precision of b-jet...
sPHENIX, the first detector to be built at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) in over two decades, will bring unprecedented measurement capabilities at RHIC energies. One of the initial physics measurements performed by sPHENIX is that of the total charged-particle multiplicity, which utilizes two-point tracklets constructed from clusters in the Intermediate Silicon Tracker (INTT), and...
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a future particle accelerator at Brookhaven National Laboratory. It will provide physicists with high luminosity and highly polarized beams with a wide range of nuclei species at different energies, covering an extensive kinematic range, which will provide unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of proton, neutron, and light ions. The EIC...
We investigate the role of inelastic processes in the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) within the effective dynamical quasi-particle model (DQPM). In the DQPM the non-perturbative properties of the sQGP at finite temperature $T$ and baryon chemical potential $\mu_B$ are described in terms of strongly interacting off-shell partons (quarks and gluons) with dynamically generated...
We present a novel construction of the QCD equation of state (EoS) at finite baryon density. Our work combines a recently proposed resummation scheme for lattice QCD results with the universal critical behavior at the QCD critical point. This allows us to obtain a family of equations of state in the range $0\leq \mu_B \leq 700$ MeV and $25\leq T\leq 800$ MeV, which match lattice QCD results...
Jet quenching parameter $\hat{q}$ is essential for characterizing the interaction strength between jet partons and nuclear matter. Based on the quark-meson (QM) model, we develop a new framework for calculating $\hat{q}$ at finite chemical potentials, in which $\hat{q}$ is related to the spectral function of the chiral order parameter. A mean field perturbative calculation up to the one-loop...
The $^{238}$U nucleus is well deformed with a large quadruple deformation $\beta_2=0.286$. However, its hexadecapole deformation $\beta_{\rm 4,U}$ is not well determined, mainly because it is overshadowed by the large $\beta_{\rm 2,U}$ in experimental observables that are typically sensitive to both. A recent study (Ryssens, et.al., Phys.Rev.Lett. 130, 212302) proposes a smaller $\beta_2$...
The difference between the spin alignments of $K^\ast$ and those of $\phi$ at the low collisional energies is a puzzle raised by the recent experiments. Unlike $\phi$ meson, $K^*$, carrying a unit strange charge, should react to strange potential. In this talk, I shall first convince you that the strange chemical potential is not small in a brayon-rich medium for keeping strange neutrality,...
We study the diffusion of heavy quarks in the early stages of high-energy nuclear collisions. The pre-equilibrium stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, commonly known as Glasma, evolves according to the classical Yang-Mills (CYM) equations. Heavy quarks are coupled to the evolving Glasma fields via relativistic kinetic theory.
We compute the momentum broadening as well as the angular...
We employ a relativistic kinetic theory model based on the GLW(de Groot - van Leeuwen - van Weert) formalism of the spin hydrodynamics with the Frenkel condition to study the local spin polarization of Λ hyperons. We calculate the Pauli-Lubanski pseudovector with the dissipative correction to the extended phase-space distribution function, obtained within a relaxation-time approximation. This...
Balance functions have been used extensively to elucidate the time evolution of quark production in heavy-ion collisions. Early models predicted two stages of quark production, one for light quarks and one for the heavier strange quark, separated by a period of isentropic expansion. This led to the notion of clocking particle production and tracking radial flow effects, which drive the...
The recent spin polarization measurement of $\Lambda$ ($\bar{\Lambda}$) hyperons by the ALICE and STAR Collaborations has created a remarkable interest in the nuclear and high energy physics community to investigate the possible sources for hyperon polarization. It is suggested that in peripheral heavy ion collisions, the initial orbital angular momentum (OAM) manifests the vorticity, which...
