I will report on the latest progress of observational studies of high-redshift galaxies using optical to radio facilities including Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), Subaru Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope (HST), Spitzer Space Telescope (SST) and James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Specifically, I will focus on (1) the formation of super-massive black holes in the early...
The frontier of cosmic microwave background (CMB) studies is to measure the CMB polarization. It provides a unique and powerful way to explore cosmic inflation, neutrino masses, and other possible light relics such as Axions.
In this talk, I will present an overview and status of two CMB polarization projects in the Atacama Desert, Chile; Simons Array and Simons Observatory.
The intersection of the cosmic and neutrino frontiers is a rich field where much discovery space still remains. When convolved with results from terrestrial experiments, cosmology can probe new physics related to neutrinos or even beyond the Standard Model. Any discordance between laboratory and cosmological data sets may reveal new physics in the neutrino sector or suggest alternative models...
Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) is a very wide-field, highly multiplexed optical-NIR spectrometer on the Subaru telescope being developed by the international collaboration led by Kavli IPMU. Since Sep 2021, engineering observations are being carried out several times and the Engineering First Light was accomplished in Sep 2022. In this presentation, I will give an overview of the achievements...
Hyper-Kamiokande is the next generation neutrino observatory to be built in Japan, and the successor of the Kamiokande and Super-Kamiokande detectors. It will be a 260 kton water Cherenkov detector, equiped with 20,000 PMTs, that has been considerably improved compared to the previous generation. It will allow the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment to have an extremely broad physics program: probing...
In this communication, we will briefly recall the motivation for sterile neutrino searches, including the LSND and Gallium anomalies, as well as the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly, before reviewing recent experimental results on short and very short baseline oscillation experiments using reactor and accelerator neutrinos and decay-at-rest set-ups, too. We will touch on what global fits of...
The new cosmic window opened by gravitational waves is expected to further expand in the future. The aspect of gravitational wave astronomy, which captures astrophysical phenomena related to compact stars, is in the spotlight, but the understanding of fundamental aspects of physics using gravitational waves is also steadily in progress. We will discuss what kind of information can be extracted...
The direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs), with breakthrough discoveries of merging black holes and neutron stars over the past years has revolutionized our understanding of the Universe. This success of second-generation laser-interferometric detectors have ushered scientists into the new era of gravitational-wave astronomy. This scientific field is now attracting more and more...
The detection of gravitational waves uses highly sensitive interferometers that are now limited by quantum uncertainty of photon amplitude and phase. Advanced gravitational wave detectors employ the use of squeezed vacuum injection to reduce quantum noise across a broad band of detection frequencies. In the TAMA facility at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan we maintain the 300m...
The study of particle physics and cosmology are closely intertwined, as they both seek to understand the fundamental workings of the Universe.
Particle physics experiments at colliders such as the Large Hadron Collider have provided crucial information about the properties of fundamental particles
In this talk, we will review the latest results in particle physics and their implications for...
Belle II is a flavor physics experiment at the asymmetric $e^+e^-$ collider SuperKEKB in Japan. Belle II aims to record an order of magnitude more data than the previous Belle experiment. Belle II started operation in 2019 and has accumulated $430~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of data to date. I will present the status and plans of the Belle II experiment, and review its recent results, including those on...
With the current generation of Cherenkov telescopes, a new window at the tera-electronvolt has been opened. Important discoveries were made over les that decade such as observations of fast variability of blazars, new class of emitters such as Radio-galaxies or Gamma-ray bursts. In this presentation, I will discuss a selection of important results and what are the main question that the next...
There are several types of Galactic sources that can potentially accelerate charged particles up to GeV and TeV energies. These accelerated particles can produce Very High Energy (E>100 GeV) gamma-ray emission through different non-thermal processes such as inverse Compton scattering of ambient photon fields by accelerated electrons or pion decay after proton-proton collisions. Here we present...
Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is an international space mission. It consists of two instruments, Large Area Telescope (LAT) and Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM). Since its launch in 2008, Fermi has played a crucial role in astrophysics. In this contribution, I will describe the recent results of Fermi.
A major bottleneck in the analysis of current and future gravitational wave detector data is the computational cost of parameter inference. This is largely driven by the cost of computing physically complete gravitational waveforms. There are various ways that this problem can be tackled, ranging from accelerating the evaluation of waveform models to reducing the number of waveform evaluations...
This presentation will summarize recent results from observations of gravitational-waves by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration. We will look ahead to the upcoming O4 science run, and what kind of new results might be expected. Finally, we will consider what the longer-term plans for future observations might be.
GroundBIRD is a millimeter-wave telescope to observe the polarization patterns of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at the Teide Observatory in the Canary Islands with 150-GHz and 220-GHz frequency bands. This telescope is designed to achieve the highest sensitivity at large angular scales, $\ell = 6 - 300$. For wide-sky observations, continuous scanning at a high rotation speed (120$\rm...
One of the most exciting challenges of modern extragalactic astronomy is to understand how the first galaxies emerged from a dark Universe and how their physical properties evolved with time. Huge advances have been made over the last decade thanks to the arrival of new telescopes and instruments (e.g. ALMA, MOSFIRE, MUSE, JWST) and new deep and wide surveys (e.g. Frontier Fields, UltraVISTA,...
In this presentation I will talk about current pathways of machine learning in cosmology, leveraging classical as well as more recent techniques. I will show along some selected examples under the prism of the recent and upcoming galaxy surveys.
The Q & U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QUBIC) is a novel kind of CMB polarimeter, installed on the Puna plateau in Argentina and inaugurated at the end of 2022. QUBIC is optimized for the measurement of the B-mode polarization of the CMB, one of the major challenges of observational cosmology. The signal is expected to be of the order of a few tens of nK, prone to instrumental...
Super-Kamiokande is a highly versatile multi-purpose experiment, with capability to explore variety of topics in the MeV - TeV energy range. This includes, among others, physics related to solar and atmospheric neutrinos, supernovae neutrinos, diffuse supernovae neutrino background (DSNB), neutrino astrophysics, and the study of dark matter as well as proton decay and other baryon...
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a multipurpose observatory under construction in China. The JUNO detector consists of a 20kton liquid scintillator target monitored by about 18k 20 inch PMT and about 26k 3 inch PMT. This detector is strategically located 53 km from the Taishan and Yangjiang Nuclear Power Plants in order to precisely measure reactor anti-neutrino...
Ever since its discovery at the LHC in 2012, the Higgs boson is regarded as a messenger from yet charted realms of particle physics, beyond the so-called Standard Model. It is thus expected to play a unique role in understanding many open questions about our universe - from the electroweak phase transition and its relation to baryogenesis to the nature of dark matter and the origin of the mass...
A new test beam line for detector development was built at KEK,
and currently is under commissioning. A new group, Instrumentation
Technology Development Center (ITDC), has been also formed
under Institute for Particle and Nuclear Studies to drive the new
test beam line, and to be an international hub for technology development.
We present the overview and status of the test beam line and ITDC.
A new Europe-based flagship neutrino experiment potential opens by exploiting a unique opportunity effectively hidden in the [Chooz nuclear reactor site][1] (France). The [SuperChooz][2] project’s birth is tied to the dismantling of the EDF Chooz-A nuclear reactor complex. Built around the 60s and unknown to most scientists, the Chooz-A site offers an underground volume of up to 50,000m3...
The Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) and the Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) at the 8.2m Subaru Telescope are powerful instruments enabling wide-area imaging and spectroscopic surveys of galaxies. The international team, being led by Kavli IPMU, are using the HSC data to estimate cosmological parameters, and also envision that we will start the PFS survey in 2024. In this talk I report the cosmological...
Cosmic shear refers to the subtle distortion of distant galaxy shapes due to the spatial matter density fluctuations between these galaxies and the observer. From these measurements, one can constrain both the expansion history and the evolution of density perturbations in the late universe. Confronting these two aspects allows one to test GR on large spatial scales, and, assuming GR, and to...
The direct search for dark matter particle interactions is one of the top priorities in astroparticle physics. A positive measurement will provide the most unambiguous confirmation of the particle nature of dark matter in the Universe. A review of the experimental programme of direct detection searches of particle dark matter is presented. It focuses mostly on current and planned activities in...
Observations have revealed a rich and diverse set of objects in the Milky Way capable of accelerating particles and emitting gamma rays. Pulsars and their wind nebulae are established as the dominant source classes in the GeV and TeV domains, respectively. Supernova remnants and compact binary systems are the other long-known source classes, with the most recent additions of globular...
I will argue that if black holes represent one the most fascinating implications of Einstein's theory of gravity, neutron stars in binary system are arguably its richest laboratory, where gravity blends with astrophysics and particle physics. I will discuss the rapid recent progress made in modelling these systems and show how the gravitational signal can provide tight constraints on the...
Within the context of the ongoing Super-Kamiokande experiment, and in preparation for the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment, I will present a new paradigm to reconstruct Cherenkov rings events inside water detectors viewed by photo-sensors. Using concepts from information theory, an environment for reinforcement learning can be set to classify the recorded hits of an event, similarly to ranking and...
KAGRA operates at cryogenic temperature, therefore uses sapphire substrates as its test-masses. Next generation of gravitational wave detectors will also use crystalline substrates, possibly sapphire or silicon. All these materials are birefringent which can spoil both the sensitivity and duty-cycle of the detectors and therefore substrates with lowest possible birefringence are...
Observations of very-high-energy (above a few tens of GeV) gamma rays from the universe play an important role to deepen our understanding of physics in extreme environments and of fundamental physics. MAGIC is a system of two 17-m diameter imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes and provides a broad energy coverage, detecting gamma rays from 50 GeV and up to 100 TeV. In this contribution, I...
Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are one of the super-energetic radio pulsed signals with a short (< 1 sec) time duration. In recent years, numerous theoretical explanations for the origin of FRBs have been proposed. However, even with exotic physics, models have been unable to universally explain the properties of these events, such as peak flux and pulse width. In this study, we present a novel...
The HKROC ASIC was originally designed to readout the photomultiplier tubes for the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment. HKROC is an innovative ASIC capable of readout a large number of channels satisfying stringent requirements in terms of noise, speed and dynamic range.
Each HKROC channel features a low-noise preamplifier and shapers, a 10-bit successive approximation Analog-to-Digital Converter...
A decade has passed since high-energy astrophysical neutrinos have
been discovered by IceCube, although their progenitors are not yet
fully known. The reported coincidence of the high-energy IceCube-170922A with the gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 has not definitively proven that these type of sources are the dominant high-energy neutrino emitters in the Universe.
In fact, IceCube recently...
KAGRA is often referred as a 2.5-generation gravitational wave detector as it operates underground with test-masses at cryogenic temperature; features that will be implemented in future gravitational waves detectors. One of the constraints of operating at cryogenic temperature is that it requires the use crystalline test-masses. KAGRA test-masses substrates are therefore 22kg sapphire crystal....
We study the effects of new physics on several measures of quantum correlations in the context of neutrino oscillating systems for a number of accelerator and reactor experimental set-ups. Non-local correlations are generally measured in terms of Bell's inequality parameter. Recently, it was shown that the non-local advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC) is a stronger measure of non-locality as...
Preparations of a new experiment which aims to measure the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment (g−2) and its electric dipole moment (EDM) at the J-PARC muon facility at MLF, MUSE, are underway.
Apart from conventional experimental method as E821(BNL) or E989(FNAL), dedicated muon beam line, we have developed a brand-new experimental method, and we expect the sensitivity goal is 0.46 parts per...
The COMET experiment aims at searching for a conversion of the muon to the electron without emission of the neutrinos. The process is strongly suppressed in the Standard Model of the Particle Physics (SM) and its discovery is a proof of the physics beyond SM. The construction and commissioning of the COMET experiment is ongoing at J-PARC. The proton beam acceleration and the extraction were...
The 2nd generation gravitational wave detectors network, including LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA, ushered the era of gravitational wave (GW) astronomy, detecting more than 90 GW signals in the last years from the merging of binary compact objects. They are expected to start their fourth observation run (O4) in May this year, with improved sensitivity. The main limitation to the sensitivity comes from...
LEGEND (Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay) is an experimental program with a goal to search for the hypothesised neutrinoless double beta decay of Ge-76. If discovered, neutrinoless double-beta decay would be an evidence of lepton number violation, Majorana nature of neutrinos and will open a window for the broad study of neutrinos and symmetries of our...
FASER, the ForwArd Search ExpeRiment, is an LHC experiment located 480 m downstream of the ATLAS interaction point, along the beam collision axis. FASER and its sub-detector FASERnu have two physics goals: (1) to detect and study TeV-energy neutrinos, the most energetic neutrinos ever detected from a human-made source, and (2) to search for new light and very weakly-interacting particles....
Over the last decades, Inverse Beta Decay (IBD) antineutrino experiments conducted at short and long baselines from nuclear reactors have revealed significant discrepancies on both the rate and shape of measured spectra compared to state-of-the-art predictions. No evidence for an experimental bias has been detected, and the sterile neutrino interpretation of the reactor antineutrino anomaly...
With the primary goal of direct dark matter search, the operation of the XENONnT experiment is ongoing.
The experiment, operated at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, uses a two-phase xenon time projection chamber with 6 tons of liquid xenon (8.6 tons in total).
I will present low-background techniques and the current status of XENONnT experiment.
In particle physics, the Standard Model (SM) makes extremely accurate predictions, but experimental and observational results suggest the existence of physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). For example, the SM cannot explain the baryon number asymmetry because the CP violation in the SM is very small. Therefore, the BSM must have more CP-violating sources than the SM.
We have developed a...
The Super-Kamiokande experiment, with its 50 ktons gadolinium-loaded water Čerenkov detector, is expected to be one of the main neutrino detectors for the detection of neutrino bursts from galactic supernovae (SN). Main signals from SN neutrino bursts in a water Čerenkov detector are for ~90% inverse β decay (IBD) reactions, and for ~5% electron scattering (ES) interactions, which provides the...
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles(WIMPs) are most promising candidate of Dark Matter and annihilation of WIMPs could produce high-energy electrons.
In the presence of magnetic field, these high energy electrons emit synchrotron radiation.
Dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are known to be Dark Matter dominated and low background object. Therefore dSphs are appealing candidates of indirect...
The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider has a unique sensitivity to a broad class of models that postulate the existence of dark matter particles with MeV—GeV masses. This talk presents recent world-leading physics results from Belle II searches for long-lived scalar particles and Z’ decays; as well as the near-term prospects for other dark-sector searches.
The European Spallation Source 5 MW proton linac will be the world’s most powerful accelerator, enabling the production of the world’s most intense neutron flux. The proton driver can also be used to produce a very intense neutrino beam for CP violation discovery and measurement in the leptonic sector, very important for the understanding of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. During...
Recently, several measurement results suggesting a violation of lepton universality in B meson decays have been published, attracting attention as possible evidence of a new physics.
In the PIONEER experiment , the charged pion decay π+ → e+ν will precisely be measured to obtain the decay ratio Re/μ = B(π+ → e+ν)/B(π+ → μ+ν) with an accuracy of 0.01%, which is an order of magnitude better...
With the help of the exact seesaw formula and a complete Euler-like parametrization of the (3+3) active-sterile neutrino mixing, we establish the most explicit connection between the 18 original seesaw parameters and the 9 derivational parameters associated with the light Majorana neutrinos. Then we explore how thermal leptogenesis responsible for the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the...
We present the latest ATLAS and CMS probes for new physics in searches for Dark Matter (DM) and Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) Higgs bosons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The existence of dark matter, which constitutes a large majority of the matter in the Universe, is well established through various astrophysical observations. However, its nature is still unknown. Models predicting...
Neutrino oscillation physics has now entered the precision era. In parallel with needing larger detectors to collect more data, future experiments further require a significant reduction of systematic uncertainties with respect to what is currently available. In the neutrino oscillation measurements from the T2K experiment the systematic uncertainties related to neutrino interaction cross...
Exploration of black holes across the cosmic history not only has astrophysical values, but also represents key steps toward better understanding of putative primordial black holes, sources of gravitational waves, and other topics belonging to fundamental physics. We present the first statistical investigation of the black hole properties of low-luminosity quasars in the early cosmic epoch....
We report on our recent studies of symmetry in neutrinos using the neutrino beam at J-PARC. We are working on the J-PARC accelerator, the T2K neutrino oscillation experiment, and the NINJA experiment. We study the fundamental symmetry of neutrinos by combining all our efforts to improve the accelerator beam, understand neutrino interactions, and precisely measure neutrino oscillation...
Many new physics models predict the existence of new, heavy particles. This talk summarizes recent ATLAS and CMS searches for Beyond-the-Standard-Model heavy resonances which decay to pairs of bosons, heavy quarks, or leptons, using Run 2 data collected at the LHC. The experimental methods are explained, including the jet substructure techniques used in some searches to disentangle the...
A model of an extended manifold for the Dirac spinor field is considered. Two Lagrangians related by CPTM (charge-parity-time-mass) symmetry are constructed for a pair of the Dirac spinor fields with each spinor field defined in a separate manifold. An interaction between the matter fields in the manifolds is introduced through gravity. A fermionic effective action of the general system is...
We are developing new techniques using noble gas detectors with the aim of overcoming the current limitations in the search for the neutrinoless double beta decay(0νββ).
The 0νββ occurs only if the neutrino is a Majorana type. And whether neutrinos are Majorana particles or not is a key problem to understand why neutrinos are so light and whether neutrinos are the reason why the universe is...
The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider has now collected approximately 400 million bottom-antibottom meson pairs at the Y(4S) resonance. We report a selection of recent results in bottom, charm and tau-lepton physics that probe non-standard-model dynamics and refine our understanding of the electroweak and strong interactions.
We studied various kinds of natural neutrinos produced in the atmosphere and stars, including the sun and supernova, to understand the nature of neutrinos using Super-Kamiokande (SK). Recently, we upgraded the SK detector, and now we can identify neutrons with high efficiency with the help of the introduced gadolinium. We are also searching for proton decay with SK. Proton decay is one of the...
We present updated LHC limits on the minimal universal extra dimensions (MUED) model from the Run 2 searches. We scan the parameter space against a number of searches implemented in the public code CheckMATE and derive up-to-date limits on the MUED parameter space from 13 TeV searches. The strongest constraints come from a search dedicated to squarks and gluinos with one isolated lepton, jets...
The long-standing Hubble constant (H0) tension is the discrepancy of more than 4σ between the local measurement of H0 through the Cepheids and Supernovae Ia (SNe Ia) and the cosmological value of H0 obtained with the Planck measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation. To investigate this tension, we performed an estimation of H0 in the standard ΛCDM and the w0waCDM models through...
The primordial B modes signal in the CMB is very faint and polluted by other polarised astrophysical signals. The future and present experiments that aim at constraining the tensor to scalar ratio are limited by the efficiency with which they are able to remove this contaminating signal. Furthermore, exquisite knowledge of the instrument is necessary to understand possible systematic effects...
We report on the nuclear emulsion production facility and several neutrino and related experiments using nuclear emulsion produced at the facility. NINJA: neutrino study in GeV and sub GeV energy range at J-PARC, DsTau: tau neutrino production study in CERN SPS 400 GeV proton interactions, FASERnu and SND at LHC: high energy neutrino production/interaction study in forward from LHC...
Measurements of Standard Model (SM) processes at the LHC range from the production of jets and photons, or precision measurements with single W and Z bosons, to measurements of rare multiboson processes that only recently became experimentally accessible. In this talk, recent measurements of such processes from the ATLAS and CMS collaborations are presented. They are used to determine...
Persistent anomalies reported by various experiments in $b \to c$ and $b \to s \ell \ell$ transitions hint at possible violation of lepton-flavor universality. The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider probes the relevant effects using observables complementary to those explored elsewhere. This talk reports recent results from a sensitive search for $B^+ \to K^+ \nu \bar \nu$ decays,...
Simons Array is one of experiments that are observing the cosmic microwave background to proof the existence of the primordial gravitational wave and inflation. Currently, the data taking of the first telescope and the deployment of the second telescope on Atacama Desert in Chile is proceeded on parallel.
In this presentation, the status of the Simons Array experiment will be reported...
The goal of the C01 group is to propose new ideas for models that solve unsolved problems of the Standard Model, with particular attention to symmetry. With those new ideas, we aim to expand the range of new physics that can be explored in neutrino physics. In this talk, I will report on our recent activities, including new ideas for Grand Unified Theory, dark matter models, and magnetic monopoles.
The purpose of this research is to study cosmological effects of the coupling between dark energy and dark matter through the general conformal transformations in which the coefficient of conformal depends on both scalar field and its kinetic term. Using dynamical analysis, the influence of general conformal coupling on the evolution of background universe is investigated. We found that the...
The ATLAS and CMS experiments has collected large datasets for B meson quarkonia production and decay. Recent results in this field from CMS and ATLAS are presented.
In this talk, we will present the recent results from the IceCube collaboration and discuss the exploration of physics beyond the standard model using the cubic-kilometer scale neutrino observatory. The energy range of detection, from GeV to EeV, enables searches and measurements in various areas such as neutrino oscillation, dark matter, neutrino cross-sections, and the production and...
Neutrinos emitted from the core collapse supernovae (CCSNe) can be generally studied to explore both the supernova explosion mechanism and neutrino properties. One of the most interesting properties is the neutrino mass ordering (NMO). Large scale liquid scintillator (LS) detectors, i.e., with tens of kiloton scale, show superior on CCSNe neutrino detection especially benefited from the large...
We report on our theoretical studies of neutrino physics. Neutrino physics is a key to clarifying the new physics beyond the standard model. In this talk, we will review our recent study on new analysis of neutrino oscillation and charged lepton flavor violation, new approach for the neutrino mass model, and also new models for lepton/baryon number violation by the C02 group in Grant-in-Aid...
On overview of the status of LHC measurements of the standard model Higgs boson and top quark sectors is presented, with focus on the most recent results.
The large-scale $B$-mode polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) represents one of the most powerful sources of information about the high-energy physics taking place in the early Universe. If detected, the most likely explanation for this signature would be the emission of primordial gravitational waves after the Big Bang, which would carry valuable information about the physics...
The large-hadron collider (LHC) provides a valuable opportunity to directly search for new physics signals from proton-proton collisions at TeV energy scale. This talk gives an overview of the recent searches for new physics that leave experimentally challenging signatures such as long-lived new particles, performed by ATLAS and CMS collaborations. Given that no clear indication of new physics...
We report on our recent research on cosmic microwave background observations (CMB) and development toward future experiments. We pursue new CMB measurements using POLARBEAR/Simons Array and GroundBIRD experiments. We also conduct research and development for next-generation CMB experiments in the areas of superconducting detectors and their readout, microwave optical elements, and analysis...
T2K is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment in Japan. Muon neutrinos are generated by the J-PARC proton beam, and are detected by near detector, ND280, and far detector, Super-Kamiokande. The main purposes are a precise measurement of neutrino mixing parameters and a search for the CP violation in the lepton sector.
In 2022, there were significant updates in the analysis of the...
The CTA is a big international project that facilitates the extensive array of imaging Cherenkov telescope telescopes in two sites, Paranal in Chile and La Palma in Spain, to observe the high energy gamma rays sky in the all-sky with high sensitivity from 20GeV to 300TeV. We will discuss the project and three types of telescopes that allow the coverage of a wide energy range. Especially the...
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) space experiment which has been developed by Japan in collaboration with Italy and the United States, is a high-energy astroparticle physics mission installed on the International Space Station (ISS). The primary goals of the CALET mission include studying the details of galactic cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation, and searching for possible...
GRAINE (Gamma-Ray Astro-Imager with Nuclear Emulsion) is GeV/sub-GeV cosmic gamma-ray observation project with balloon-borne nuclear emulsion telescope. It can determine incident gamma ray angle via pair creation, with small material thickness (.002 radiation length par film). Angular resolution can reach close to the kinematical limit, which is 0.1$^\circ$ for 1 GeV gamma-ray (1.0$^\circ$ for...
MeV gamma-ray is a unique window for direct observation of nucleosynthesis in the universe. But there is not any big progress after COMPTEL, which was launched in 1991, because the observation in MeV gamma-ray band is obstructed by many backgrounds produced in the interaction between cosmic rays and detector materials. To open the MeV gamma-ray window, we are developing an electron-tracking...
KamLAND-Zen is a double beta decay experiment with the enriched xenon-loaded liquid scintillator. Increasing the number of double beta-decay nucleus is a key to improve the sensitivity on the neutrinoless decay mode. Among a dozen of target nuclei, xenon gas is easily solved in the liquid scintillator by about 3 wt%, so the experiment with 380 kg xenon (KamLAND-Zen 400) became feasible early...
Precise measurement of neutrino oscillations is believed to be the key to opening up new physics, such as revealing the origin of the matter-dominated universe and discovering new particles outside of the Standard Model called sterile neutrinos. A deep understanding of neutrino-nucleus interactions is essential for the precise measurement of neutrino oscillations in sub-multi-GeV regions to...
ANTARES has been the first neutrino telescope to be operated in the deep sea. Comprising 12 detection lines standing on the sea floor, each equipped with 25 triplets of optical modules, for 16 years it has surveyed the sky, looking for neutrinos from galactic and extragalactic sources or generated from the annihilation of dark matter, and has investigated neutrino oscillation and non standard...
The muon has played an important role in establishing the SM of the particle physics and is now a good probe into physics at very high energy. A variety of exeperiments are ongoing or about to start at high-intensity muon facilities in the world. In this talk, a review of these experiments, including both charged-lepton-flavor conserving and violating processes, will be given.
Machine learning has come a long way from classification and regression tasks in science and in particle physics in particular. It has made formidable quantum leaps on several fronts in the recent years which open ever more doors for breakthroughs in science. The talk will discuss the opportunities in High Energy Physics for machine learning to facilitate better use of human and...
SND@LHC is a compact and stand-alone experiment to perform measurements with neutrinos produced at the LHC in a hitherto unexplored pseudo-rapidity region of 7.2 < 𝜂 < 8.6, complementary to all the other experiments at the LHC. The experiment is located 480 m downstream of IP1 in the unused TI18 tunnel. The detector is composed of a hybrid system based on an 800 kg target mass of tungsten...
Despite successfully predicting the outcome of hundreds of measurements at colliders and other experiments, the standard model of particle physics cannot be the final theory of nature. Searches for beyond-the-standard model (BSM) physics are now a major component of the research program at the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This talk presents highlights of BSM...
The last years have brought about unprecedented breakthroughs and discoveries in high-energy astrophysics. Most of them are related to transient phenomena and involve an increasing number of cosmic messengers ranging now from radiation across the full electromagnetic spectrum, to high-energy neutrino and gravitational waves. Due to their high sensitivity and increasingly optimized response to...
LiteBIRD, the Lite (Light) satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation from cosmic background Radiation Detection, is a space mission for the exploration of primordial cosmology. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) selected LiteBIRD in 2019 as a strategic Large-class mission expected to be launched at the end of the decade. LiteBIRD will orbit the Lagrangian point L2...
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment that will employ large-scale cutting-edge liquid argon time projection chamber detectors and the most intense neutrino beam in the world to answer fundamental open questions in particle physics. The experiment’s main goals include precision measurement of neutrino oscillation...
KAGRA is a 3-km interferometric Gravitational-ave antenna placed at the underground site of Kamioka, Gifu, Japan. The test-mass mirrors are cooled down to cryogenic temperature to suppress the effect of thermal noise. KAGRA started the observation run in 2020, and now preparing for the next observation run, O4, together with LIGO and VIRGO. In this talk, science, design, and current status...
Gamma-ray bursts are the brightest electromagnetic phenomena known in the universe. They are associated with an ultra-relativistic jet emitted by a newly formed accreting black hole following the collapse of a massive star or the coalescence of a binary neutron star system. Several new observational windows have recently opened for these extreme phenomena: the first multi-messenger observation...
In this talk I will discuss how observations of the cosmic microwave background and of cosmological large-scale structures can be used to constrain the properties of neutrinos and other light relics. I will focus on "new physics" scenarios (e.g. beyond-standard-model neutrino interactions, axion-like particles....). I will further discuss detection prospects from forthcoming cosmological observations.
In this talk, I will review the most important problems in particle physics and give my perspective on how they are connected.
The Virgo detector contributed to the observations in the O3 observing run and increased its sensitivity from the initial 46 up to 60 Mpc during the run.
The detector has undergone to a series of improvements since the end of the O3 observing run in view of O4, that will last 18 months, at present planned to start on 24 May 2023 preceded by an engineering run.
The major upgrades with respect...
In this presentation, I will provide an overview on where we stand concerning the H0-tension. I will discuss the various direct measurements, their disagreement (or not) with respect to the Lambda-CDM prediction anchored on CMB-epoch data. I will particularly focus on the Type Ia Supernovae probe for they are central in this analysis.
In these concluding remarks, I will recall the considerable progress made recently on questions related to the physics of the two infinities, elaborate on new questions as they are coming and on how they might be experimentally addressed.
Super-Kamiokande (SK) is the 50 kton water Cherenkov detector located at Kamioka mine in Japan. In 2020, we dissolved gadolinium sulfate in the SK water and started SK-Gd phase with 0.01% Gd, where neutron detection efficiency and resolution for neutron capture vertex are improved. Detection efficiency got even higher at the second Gd loading to 0.03% Gd in June 2022. In atmospheric neutrino...
A half-wave plate (HWP) is often used as a modulator to suppress systematic error in cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization measurements. An HWP can also be used to measure circular polarization through its optical leakage from circular to linear polarization. The circular polarization of the CMB is predicted to be produced by interactions in the Universe, such as interactions with...
Simons Observatory (SO) is the largest ground-based CMB experiment in history. SO is developing Small Aperture Telescopes (SATs) to detect the primordial B-mode signal. The cryogenic half-wave plate (CHWP) is an optical device for SAT which decreases systematic errors in the polarimetry. CHWP modulates polarized signals separating from unpolarized signals; the polarization modulation reduces...
The T2K experiment showed the strongest constraint on the CP violation phase in the lepton sector using neutrino oscillation and is seeking further improvement of the measurement sensitivity. To reduce systematic uncertainties, upgrades of the near detector are ongoing. In 2023, a new type of detector, called SuperFGD, is planned to be installed. SuperFGD is a high granular scintillator...
Hyper-Kamiokande starts its operation in 2027, and we are in the final stage of the development of the electronics. The large scale and high precision of the Hyper-Kamiokande require high performance and reliability on the electronics. We have developed frontend electronics such as digitizer, communication module and HV/LV module. And we plan to deploy the frontend electronics in water-tight...
Liquid scintillator (LS) detectors, composed of LS and photosensors, such as photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), have been widely used in neutrino experiments. Precise calibration of energy response (energy nonlinearity and energy resolution) for different particles in LS detectors is crucial for spectral analysis. For LS detectors used in reactor neutrino experiments, $e^+$ from the inverse beta...
Geoneutrinos are antineutrinos originating from the radioactive decays of long-lived isotopes naturally present in the crust and mantle. Geoneutrinos can be used as a unique direct probe in order to determine the amount of long-lived radioactive elements inside our planet and to constrain the radiogenic contribution to the terrestrial heat. Up to date, only two experiments in the world,...
We have upgraded the Super-Kamiokande in 2020 with Gd to enhance neutron tagging for anti- or normal-neutrino distinction. This neutron tagging method requires a special trigger and is limited to the higher energy of neutrino than around 8 MeV due to the energy of a 2.2 MeV gamma ray via hydrogen capture in the pure water phase. After the upgrade of doping Gd, this requirement is relaxed in...
We measured $^9\mathrm{Li}$ isotopic nuclei produced by muon spallation using the data taken from 2020 to 2022 by the Super-Kamiokande detector with 0.011% gadolinium concentration in water. $^9\mathrm{Li}$ is a long-lived radioactive isotope with a lifetime of about 0.26 seconds. It emits an electron and a neutron at a branching ratio of 50.8%, which is difficult to distinguish from the...
T2K is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment and search for CP violation in leptons using neutrino oscillation.For improving the result, it is very important to consider about the neutrino flux in Super Kamiokande (SK). Neutrino flux estimation is using neutrino beam simulation and one of the largest effects of the flux uncertainty is the cooling water for the magnetic horn : the...
Observing the degree-scale polarization pattern called “B-mode” in the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) map is expected to be proof of primordial gravitational wave and a key to revealing the inflationary universe. Recently, CMB polarization observation experiments with higher experimental sensitivities are in progress or planned.
For such precise CMB polarization observations, it...
Polarization of cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the best probe for primordial gravitational waves. In Simons Observatory, using the Sparse Wire Grid Calibrator, we can evaluate/reduce optical systematic errors on Small Aperture Telescopes (SATs). In this poster presentation, we will introduce an initial analysis for the optical performance of the calibrator
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) has a variety of information that is useful for understanding the early universe. The Simons Array, an ongoing ground-based CMB experiment, is located in the Atacama plateau in northern Chile. Its second telescope receiver has been installed and is being prepared at the site, including the set-up of the ambient temperature equipment and readout testing,...
We report the recent lattice QCD result of proton decay matrix element, which is QCD contribution to baryon number violating process, with PACS collaboration. We compute 12 relevant matrix elements on the physical point in lattice QCD, and this regards a more reliable value compared with the previous one computed from chiral extrapolation. In this poster, we show the systematic study to...
Close White Dwarf Binary systems in Miky Way Galaxy are important in two major fields of astrophysics. 1) Potential source of background gravitational wave and 2) Potential progenitors of Type Ia supernovae.
1) Potential Source of Gravitational Wave Background
Although the individual contribution is small, integrating numerous white dwarf systems may contribute to a gravitational wave...
Hyper-Kamiokande is a next generation water Cherenkov detector which has a fiducial volume of approximately 10 times larger than that of the on-going Super-Kamiokande detector.
In a deep water tank one of critical issue is prevention of chain implosion of large photosensors.
If a glass bulb crashes under high pressure in deep water a rapid cracking run over the whole glass in very short...
There is a positive correlation between the mass of SMBHs ($M_{\rm BH}$) and the stellar mass of their host galaxies ($M_{\rm star}$) in the local Universe, suggesting that SMBHs and galaxies have co-evolved. Studying distant galaxies is vital to understand the co-evolution process. Although it is difficult to measure $M_{\rm BH}$ in distant galaxies except for quasars, its time derivative,...
Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are very energetic cosmological transients. Long GRBs are usually associated with Type Ib/c Supernovae (SNe), and we refer to them as GRB-SNe. Since the associated SN for a given GRB is observed only at low redshift, a possible selection effect exists when we consider intrinsically faint sources which cannot be observed at high redshift. Thus, it is important to explore...
