The calculation of many-body correlations in atomic nuclei using ab initio approaches requires accounting for virtual excitations, whose number grows factorially with the perturbative order.
Diagrammatic Monte Carlo (DiagMC) is a promising method that efficiently includes high-order excitations. It has been particularly successful in condensed matter physics [1, 2], where it enables the...
There are two common approaches for calculating cross-sections for weak probes: one involves using square-integrable basis functions [1-5], while the other relies on response functions (dynamical polarizabilities) [6]. For multi-open-channel problems, all methods struggle to some extent. Considering these issues, we develop a powerful novel alternative which takes advantage of the randomness...
The ellipsoidal deformation of nuclear shapes has been one of the central questions of
nuclear structure physics. Fully microscopic approaches with a wide range of possible
relevant correlations have been naturally difficult. Just recently, such approaches became
feasible by using the Monte Carlo Shell Model [1], particularly by its most advanced version
Quasiparticle Vacuua Shell...
The total beta-decay half-lives of neutron-rich nuclei along magic neutron numbers remain largely unknown experimentally, while they are critical inputs for r-process simulations. In this talk, I will discuss our ab initio calculations for the half-lives of $N=50$ isotones. Starting from two- and three-nucleon interactions derived from chiral effective-field theory, we solve the many-body...
The ab initio method in nuclear theory can be interpreted as a systematically improvable approach for quantitatively describing nuclei using the finest resolution scale possible while maximizing its predictive capabilities. In this talk, I will highlight some recent developments in ab initio nuclear structure calculations, focusing on the use of Bayesian methods for uncertainty quantification....
Single-j calculations for $(j)^n$ configurations with n = 3,..,2j+1 can be performed using a semi-empirical approach, provided that the energies and absolute electromagnetic transition rates are known for the two-particle (hole) nucleus. This approach was already successfully applied in the case of protons in the $(\pi g_{9/2})^3$ nucleus $^{211}At$ [1]. At the Cologne Tandem Accelerator of...
In recent decades, γ-ray spectroscopy has experienced a significant technological advancement through the technique of γ-ray tracking, achieving a sensitivity almost two orders of magnitude greater than previous Compton-shielded arrays. This leap forward rivals the milestones achieved since the beginning of γ-ray spectroscopy. Combining γ-ray spectrometers with detectors recording...
For decades, scientists have searched for reliable early warning signs of earthquakes[1]. One promising clue lies in radon (Rn), a gas released when uranium decays in the Earth's crust. Studies have shown that radon levels can show variations before an earthquake [2], likely due to stress deep underground causing cracks that allow radon to escape. Carrier gases like CO₂ and CH₄ help transport...
The primary objective of the ALICE physics program is to investigate the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), the deconfined state of strongly interacting matter, and to understand how these properties emerge from the fundamental interactions governed by quantum chromodynamics (QCD). By colliding heavy nuclei, the LHC generates quark-gluon plasma with record-breaking temperature and...
Well-bound spherical nuclei can be considered as closed quantum systems that can be described by state-of-the-art versions of the shell model, where nucleons occupy well-localized single-particle states. However, when we move towards the dripline or inject enough excitation energy into the system, the coupling to the continuum and reaction channels becomes more important, forcing the nucleus...
Massive pulsar observations indicate that compact stars' central densities can significantly surpass nuclear saturation densities, which could lead to the formation of exotic matter such as quark matter, meson condensates, and hyperons. One important contender among meson condensates, anti-kaon ($K^-$) condensation, is not well understood in terms of kaon-meson interactions. We refine...
The detection of antimatter is primarily based on its annihilation, thus the understanding of the antiproton-nucleus ($\bar{\mathrm{p}}\mathrm{A}$) interaction is crucial. Despite its significance, current models - compared mainly to experimental results from LEAR - show deviations from low-energy measurements by large factors, suggesting that the annihilation mechanism is not yet fully...
In recent years, significant advancements in CMOS silicon pixel detectors have led to their widespread adoption across various fields of physics, driving substantial progress in particle detection technologies. A notable example is the ALTAI chip, a CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor developed as part of the ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) ITS sensor studies.
The ALTAI chip offers...
The Equation of State (EoS) of nuclear matter is related to many topics in nuclear physics. In particular, it is crucial for understanding the structure of compact objects such as neutron stars. In the conservative hypothesis of a purely nucleonic composition of neutron star matter, the EoS is fully determined in terms of the so-called nuclear matter parameters (NMPs), which, in principle, can...
Bayesian optimization on FIFRELIN Monte-Carlo code to fit neutron and gamma multiplicities
Guillaume BAZELAIRE, Abdelhazize CHEBBOUBI, David BERNARD, Geoffrey DANIEL, Jean-Baptiste BLANCHARD*
CEA, DES, IRESNE, DER, SPRC, Cadarache, Physics Studies Laboratory, Saint-Paul-lès-Durance, 13108, France.
*Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service du Génie Logiciel pour la Simulation,...
In previous research [1] devoted to the introduction of three-nucleon ($3N$) forces in the theory of few-nucleon systems, we emphasized the need to reconcile the $2N$ and $3N$ interaction operators when calculating the corresponding observables. Refs. [1, 2] inherit this inconsistency, i.e., the so-called Kharkiv $2N$ potential [3] was used together with the Tucson-Melbourne $3N$ potential...
We investigate the occurrence of $\alpha$ clustered states in $^{16}$O at high excitation energies by analyzing $^3$He + $^{13}$C reactions in the 1.4 - 2.2 MeV energy range. We produce refined angular distributions of the differential cross section in absolute units, allowing us to investigate the competition between the $\alpha$ decays leading to $^{12}$C in the Hoyle state and those leading...
The vibration and rotation modes shed light on collective properties of nuclei. The rotational level patterns in $^{220}$Rn and $^{226}$Ra nuclei have been obtain in a collective quadrupole+octupole approach with microscopic mass tensor and moments of inertia dependent on deformation and pairing degrees of freedom. However, the main objective is to quantitatively confirm the known experimental...
An experimental search for a bound dineutron has been ongoing for decades, presenting the experiments for light and heavier nuclei masses as target nuclei. Our approach to indirectly observe a bound dineutron is based on the theoretical prediction by Migdal [1] and considers not light, but heavier nuclei in nuclear reactions, near which a bound dineutron can be formed in the outgoing channels...
Stretched resonances are rather simple nuclear excitations, even though in light nuclei they appear in the continuum energy region. The structures of these states are dominated by a single particle-hole component for which the excited particle and the residual hole couple to the maximal possible spin value available on their respective shells. The simplicity of their configurations results...
Proton therapy is widely recognized for its superior dose conformity and enhanced protection of healthy tissues compared to conventional photon-based radiotherapy, making it an increasingly valuable modality for treating complex cancers. However, fully realizing its potential is constrained by the computational demands of high-fidelity dose calculation and plan optimization. Although Monte...
Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) are probability functions describing spatial and momentum distributions of partons in nucleon structure studies. They are crucial for understanding the correlation between the longitudinal momentum and the transverse position of partons inside the nucleon. The Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) is a privileged channel for GPD studies, as...
We discuss the current understanding of the heavy-ion fusion mechanism through the lens of multidimensional stochastic dynamics. Recent developments, including a six-dimensional Langevin formalism with unconstrained motion in mass asymmetry, provide a realistic description of energy dissipation, shape evolution, and angular momentum effects. This approach captures the transition into the...
We evaluated the response of an 8-module trans-stilbene scintillator array [1] in detecting (n,n) and (n,n’) reactions in neutron scattering experiments. The measurement was performed at the neutron time-of-flight facility (n_TOF) at CERN in Experimental Area 1 (EAR1) [2], based on prior research at EAR2 [3]. The primary focus is to extend these measurements to the elastic and inelastic...
M.Papa(1), L.Acosta(2), G.Cardella(1), E. De Filippo(1), E.Geraci(1),(3) B.Gnoffo(1),(3), C. Guazzoni(4), C.Maiolino(5), N.S.Martorana(1), A.Pagano(1), E.V.Pagano(5), S.Pirrone(1), G.Politi(1,3), L.Quattrocchi(6), F.Risitano(1),(5), F.Rizzo(3),(5),(7), P.Russotto(5), A.Trifiro(1),(6), M.Trimarchi(1),(6), C.Zagami(3),(5),(7)
(1) INFN, Sezione di Catania, Italy
(2) Instituto de Física....
Carbon burning is the third stage of stellar evolution, influencing the fate of both massive stars and low-mass stars in binary systems.
Stellar carbon burning primarily occurs through the 12C(12C, α)20Ne and 12C(12C, p)23Na reactions. While these reactions have been studied over a wide energy range, direct measurements below 2.1 MeV (the astrophysical range) are lacking. Indirect data, such...
We report the preliminary results from a direct cross‐section measurement of the $^{59}$Cu(p, $\alpha$) $^{56}$Ni reaction, performed in inverse kinematics using the high-efficiency MUSIC active-target detector at the ReA6 facility at FRIB. This reaction is critical in explosive astrophysical environments. In type I X-ray bursts, where rapid proton capture and $\alpha$-induced processes drive...
Only a handful of the most energetic reactions involving the most abundant elements are driving the evolution and chemical structure of massive stars. Among these, the fusion of two carbon nuclei is a key process during the late stages of the evolution such stars, in explosive nucleosynthesis in Type 1a supernovae and superbursts in x-ray binary systems [1]. The precise measurement of the...
Direct measurement of the 7Li(p, α)4He reaction at astrophysical energies using the ELISSA array has been performed at IFIN-HH with the 3 MV Tandem. This reaction is intimately linked with the so-called “Cosmological Lithium Problem”. The existing 7Li(p, α)4He direct measurement data suffer from large uncertainty, particularly at energies below 500 keV (in the center-of-mass system). Thus, a...
Astronomical observations of neutron stars provide data on the kilometer scale, while the nuclear interaction, fundamental for neutron stars, works on the femtometer scale. To describe physical processes across so many orders of magnitude, one needs effective models. The inner crust of a neutron star is a complex system, where a lattice of nuclei strongly interacts with superfluid neutrons. In...
The production of p-nuclei remains a significant open problem in nuclear astrophysics, representing one of the most challenging research frontiers in the field. The $\alpha$-nuclear potential serves as a critical parameter for modulating p-nuclei synthesis, being known as one of the key parameters to reduce uncertainties in the high atomic mass region of the p-process network. [1,2]
In...
In nuclear reactions induced by low-energy charged particles, atomic electrons can participate in the process by screening the nuclear charge and so, effectively reducing the repulsive Coulomb barrier. Consequently, the measured cross section is enhanced by an effect called electron screening. There are several theoretical models, based on a static approach, describing this effect. However, in...
Nuclear fragmentation cross section measurements hold significant importance in both hadrontherapy and space radioprotection. Hadrontherapy is an external radiation therapy that employs beams of protons and heavier ions to target deep-seated tumors. These particles exhibit a favorable depth-dose distribution in tissues, featuring a low dose at the entrance and a maximum release at the end of...
A self-consistent description of cluster emission processes in terms of nucleonic degrees of freedom is presented. The starting point is a Woods-Saxon mean field with spin-orbit and Coulomb terms where pairing is treated through standard Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer quasiparticles. A residual two-body interaction is introduced in terms of a density-dependent Wigner force having a Gaussian shape...
The nuclear level density (NLD) represents the number of accessible energy states in a nucleus at a given excitation energy and is vital for modeling nuclear reactions and decay processes. At lower excitation energies, NLD is significantly enhanced by collective effects, rotational and vibrational motions, which are prominent in deformed nuclei. This phenomenon, referred to as collective...
Conventional accelerators, which use radio-frequency fields, can only reach maximum acceleration field strengths on the order of 1 MV/cm [1], resulting in large footprints and high associated costs, especially for low-energy (MeV range) applications. In contrast, laser-driven accelerators have consistently reached acceleration field gradients on the order of GV/cm to TV/cm, rendering them a...
A new generation of 4H-SiC detectors has demonstrated the capability to operate at temperatures up to 450°C, offering excellent spectroscopic response and energy resolution (≲2%) [1]. This advancement paves the way for the development of silicon carbide detectors designed to measure suprathermal ions (He++ at 3.5 MeV) in extreme radiation and temperature environments, such as those expected in...
A few years ago, our group has developed anew method for measuring doses in ultra high dose rate charged particle beams, based on multivolume ion chambers - the QUADDRO detector. The measurement, however, did not account for the energy of the particles in the beam and such a measurement was done using radiocheromic films pklaced axially in the beam.
While performimg energy measurements in 10...
In the last few years, we continued to study light multineutron systems [1] in bound states that were predicted by Migdal [2]. Such possibility, for at least the dineutron, is based on the theoretical substantiation that in the outgoing channel as the product of the nuclear reaction a bound system of two identical nucleons exists beyond the volume of the heavy core of the other nucleons of the...
The FALSTAFF spectrometer [1], designed to detect fission fragments produced in direct kinematics, is a key tool in advancing the understanding of neutron-induced fission, particularly in the MeV energy range. Fission models, both phenomenological and microscopic, have seen significant development over the past decade. However, their ability to accurately predict fission observables such as...
Heavy ion collisions provide a unique laboratory for exploring the dynamics of the strong nuclear force, governed by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). These collisions probe strongly interacting matter across different regimes, from the partonic structure of nuclei to the quark-gluon plasma (QGP)—a deconfined state of quarks and gluons that existed in the early universe. Experiments spanning a...
Scattering in three-nucleon systems at intermediate energies atracts attention due to sensitivity of the observables to subtle effects of the dynamics beyond the pairwise nucleon-nucleon force, so-called three nucleon force (3NF). Recently, the data for nucleon-deuteron collisions have also been considered as a tool for fine-tuning of the 3N Hamiltonian parameters in Chiral EFT. Deuteron...
Nuclear shape coexistence is essential for exploring the microscopic origins of nuclear deformation [1-4].
The Ca isotopic chain between the two shell closures at N=20 and N=28 is an optimal test
area that can provide key insights into this phenomenon [5-7].
The aim of this work is to perform complete low-spin spectroscopy of even-even $^{42,44}$Ca and odd-even $^{43,45}$Ca isotopes,...
This application serves as an audit tool for sensitive sites using nuclear or radioactive materials. It evaluates their physical protection systems through expert-formulated questionnaires tailored for each organizational category. It provides privileges to users as administrators (experts) or standard users (site managers) and facilitates information exchange between them. The application...
The study of atomic nuclei presents a compelling example of the challenges involved in solving many-body systems. Understanding these complexities reveals one of the most intriguing mysteries of the Universe: the fundamental information of atomic nuclei. The first theoretical models of molecular states and nucleon clustering in atomic nuclei were proposed in the 1930s [1]. In this context, we...
The region around $^{32}$Mg has become a focus of nuclear structure studies due to the disappearance of the $N = 20$ shell closure, giving rise to a so-called island of inversion. As a result of multi-nucleon correlations, the isotopes in this region exhibit ground states dominated by $2p - 2h$ excitations into the $fp$ shell, deviating from the predictions of a harmonic oscillator potential...
Multi-nucleon transfer (MNT) reactions are a promising method for producing neutron-rich heavy exotic nuclei. Many facilities around the world are studying this process to better understand the reaction mechanisms involved, as well as the competing mechanisms using specific projectile/target combinations [1].
The gas-filled recoil separator RITU [2] at the Jyväskylä Accelerator Laboratory...
This research is the field-theoretical description of the deuteron breakup by fast electrons, being a prolongation of the studies carried out [1] at the Kharkiv Institute of Physics & Technology. As in our recent works [2,3], key features of the approach proposed embody gauge-independent calculations of the reaction amplitudes, as well as, a fresh look at the construction of the one-nucleon...
A. Sharma$^1$, G. D'Amen$^2$, F. Bouyjou$^3$, O. Brand-Foissac$^1$, V. Chaumat$^1$, W. Chen$^2$, S. Conforti$^4$, T. Cornet$^1$, F. Dulucq$^4$, S. Extier$^4$, G. Giacomini$^2$, K. Hara$^5$, A. Ikbal$^6$, T. Imamura$^5$, M. Idzik$^7$, A. Jentsch$^2$, S. Kita$^5$, B.-Y. Ky$^1$, D. Marchand$^1$, J. Moron$^7$, K. Nakamura$^8$, S. Paul$^2$, P. Shanmuganathan$^2$, N. Seguin-Moreau$^4$, L. Serin$^1$,...
The (n,alpha) cross-sections on oxygen 16 and fluorine 19 are of great interest for the improvement and/or development of the nuclear reactors. Significant differences have been observed for those nuclei regarding the (n,alpha) channel:
- on oxygen 16, discrepancies up to 30% between experimental data and/or evaluation are observed and are responsible for an uncertainty of 100 pcm on...
The pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) refers to a low-lying strength in the dipole response of nuclei, located around the neutron separation energy [1] and associated with neutron excess in nuclei. As of today, the available experimental data do not provide an accurate picture of the fine structure of the PDR. These open questions on its structure and its potential implications on neutron...
V. Marchand$^{1}$, W. Dong$^{1}$, S. Franchoo$^{1}$, T. Hourat$^{1}$, David Lunney$^{1}$, V. Manea$^{1}$, E. Minaya Ramirez$^{1}$, E. Morin$^{1}$, S. Roset$^{1}$.
$^{1}$Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
The GANIL accelerator complex in Caen, France recently commissioned a new superconducting linear accelerator as part of the SPIRAL2 facility. This...
Asymmetric fission in mass pre-actinide region is a topic of current interest in fission studies. The important observation in this mass region is the asymmetric fission of neutron deficient nuclei. Andreyev et al. [1] have reported asymmetric fission fragment mass distribution in the β delayed fission of 180 Hg nucleus about a decade ago. The observed asymmetric mass distribution has been...
Fission reactions induced by relativistic heavy nuclei, in combination with a large acceptance dipole magnet and advance tracking and time-of-flight detectors (SOFIA detection setup at GSI), have recently allowed, for the first time, the complete identification of both fission fragments in atomic and mass number [1].
By using different target materials, one could also favour fission reactions...
Heavy-ion collisions in the few-GeV energy range allow the creation of strongly interacting matter under extreme net-baryon densities, conditions which are comparable to the ones in neutron star mergers. The precise investigation of the Equation-of-State (EoS) of this kind of matter is therefore of high relevance for the understanding of neutron stars.
In this contribution, we present new...
Recent experiments [Duer et al., Nature 606 (2022)] suggest a resonance-like structure in the $^8\text{He(p,p}\alpha\text{)4n}$ reaction. To investigate this, we analyze four-neutron point-creation using pionless effective field theory (EFT) within the Faddeev-Yakubovsky formalism, which enables a decomposition into the 2+2 and 3+1 channel. This is particularly relevant given that...
Human activities—whether nuclear (civilian and military) or industrial processes involving naturally radioactive materials (oil and gas production, phosphate mining, and rare earth extraction)—have released and redistributed radionuclides across environmental compartments. This contamination could threaten ecosystems and human health, with risks driven by the persistence, concentration, and...
The synthesis of superheavy nuclei (SHN) with heavy ion collisions is modelled as a three staged model: capture, formation and survival, where this presentation explores the first two stages. Starting from the model in [1], the memoryless Brownian random walk was replaced by a Markov chain approach yielding significantly faster calculations which was then used to determine the cross...
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions are essential to advancing our understanding of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) under extreme conditions of temperature and density. These experiments recreate the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of matter that dominated the early universe, providing critical insights into the emergent phenomena of QCD such as strangeness enhancement and collective particle...
The problem to discriminate between gamma-rays and neutrons is a long standing one and it was faced in the past using Time of Flight or PSD techniques as the charge difference technique.
The CLYC (Cs2LiYCl6:Ce) scintillator can easily discriminate between gamma-rays and neutrons induced events but, unfortunately, it has a too low density (only 3.3 g/cm3) and the decay time constant of the...
The Carbon-11 nucleus plays an important role in first start nucleosynthesis patterns [1] as a composite of the reaction $^{10}\mathrm{B}(p,\alpha)^{7}\mathrm{Be}$, which act in the hot pp-chains [2] by back processing material branching across the mass $A = 5$ and $A = 8$ mass gap towards $^{10}\mathrm{B}$. The $^{11}\mathrm{C}$ resonances $J^\pi = 5/2^+_2$ and $J^\pi = 7/2^+_1$, 10 keV above...
Studying hadronization - the process by which quarks and gluons transition into hadrons -is fundamental to understanding the strong interaction dynamics within quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Using the CLAS12 detector at Jefferson Lab, the Run Group E (RGE) experiment offers unprecedented insights into hadronization in the nuclear medium. This talk will present preliminary results from the...
Heavy quarks (i.e. charm and beauty), produced in the early stages of high-energy hadronic and nuclear collisions through hard-scattering processes, serve as exceptional probes for investigating Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in extreme conditions and for rigorous perturbative QCD (pQCD) tests. Their large masses ensure that the heavy-quark production at the early stage is calculable within...
Understanding stellar nucleosynthesis remains a forefront challenge in physics and relies on detailed knowledge of helium burning, whose pivotal triple-$\alpha$ and $^{12}\mathrm{C}(\alpha,\gamma)^{16}\mathrm{O}$ reactions set the carbon–oxygen balance in stars. This talk will present recently published precision data on the triple-$\alpha$ reaction and a new direct measurement of...
The hexadecapole deformation, as well as the quadrupole one, influences the low-lying states of finite nuclei. The hexadecapole correlations are often overshadowed by the large quadrupole effects, and hence have not been much investigated. We have investigated hexadecapole ($Q_4$) deformed configurations in microscopic calculations involving the deformed Hartree-Fock theory [1]. $K=0$...
S. Szilner1, L. Corradi2, T. Mijatović1, F. Galtarossa3, G. Pollarolo4, E. Fioretto2, A. Goasduff2, G. Montagnoli3, A. M. Stefanini2, G. Colucci5, J. Diklić1, A. Gottardo2, J. Grebosz6, A. Illana7, G. Jaworski5, T. Marchi2, D. Mengoni3, M. Milin8, D. Nurkić8, M. Siciliano9, N. Soić1, J. J. Valiente-Dobón2, N. Vukman1
1Ruđer Bošković Institute, Croatia
2Istituto Nazionale di Fisica...
Spectroscopy based on nuclear transfer reactions has been a workhorse for the investigation of nuclear structure for decades and motivated the construction of many high-resolution spectrometers around the world. However, extending this approach to reactions in inverse kinematics, required for most radioactive beams, comes with a loss of resolution due to kinematic compression and kinematic...
Ion therapy employs protons and heavier ions (e.g., helium, carbon, oxygen) for cancer treatment due to their advantageous physical and biological properties, particularly effective against radio-resistant tumors. However, precise modeling of nuclear fragmentation processes, which critically influence dose distributions, biological effectiveness, and overall treatment accuracy—especially with...
One of goals of hypernuclear physics is to obtain information on baryon-baryon interaction in a unified way. Especially, it becomes an important issue to obtain information on hyperon(Y)-nucleon(N) interaction. For this purpose, hyperon-nucleon scattering experiments are planned at JLab and J-PARC facilities [1].
The physics of strangeness $S=-1$ hypernuclei bears a fundamental difference...
To comprehensively understand nuclear astrophysical network calculations, especially in the context of processes like the r-process, it is crucial to consider astrophysical reaction rates at a fixed temperature which requires Maxwellian-averaged cross-sections across a wide range of energies for radiative neutron capture processes. Determining these cross-sections and reaction rates within a...
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the theoretical framework to study hadrons by means of their fundamental degrees of freedom, i.e. quarks and gluons, collectively referred to as partons. QCD defines many types of distributions describing a given hadron in terms of partons. For the purposes of this talk, we are interested in the so-called generalized parton distributions (GPDs) which are...
As experimental measurements and industrial applications of nuclear fission continue to develop, there is an increasing demand for theoretical models to simulate fission processes with high precision, including both reactions commonly used in applications today and exotic processes involving superheavy nuclei which have not yet been observed. The construction of such a model remains a...
Being motivated mainly by the LHC physics, the currently used Monte Carlo Event Generators (MCEGs) lack of the quark spin degree of freedom in their hadronization models. In the recent years, however, the importance of quark spin related effects in hadronization such as the Collins effect has been brought to light by a vivid theoretical and experimental activity. Remarkably, global analyses of...
The investigation of nuclei near the proton shell closure at (Z = 82) remains a vibrant field of research, as these nuclei exhibit a rich interplay of shapes driven by shape coexistence, and proton-neutron interactions. In the (A $\sim$ 190) mass region, odd-odd thallium (Tl) isotopes serve as an exemplary testing ground where both symmetric oblate and triaxial configurations have been...
Investigating the boundaries of the nuclear chart and understanding the structure of the heaviest elements are at the forefront of nuclear physics. The existence of the superheavy nuclei is intimately linked to nuclear shell effects which counteract Coulomb repulsion and therefore hinder spontaneous fission. In the region of heavy deformed nuclei weak shell gaps arise around $Z$=100 and...
The FAMU collaboration aims to measure the hyperfine splitting (hfs) of the muonic hydrogen in the ground state, contributing to the understanding of the proton magnetic structure. The Zemach radius of the proton can be estimated from the hfs measurement with an accuracy better than 1%.
The experiment is conducted at the ISIS facility of the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK) at the RIKEN...
This work conducts a thorough Bayesian analysis of neutron star matter, incorporating $(\Delta)$-resonances alongside hyperons and nucleons within a density-dependent relativistic hadron (DDRH) model. By leveraging constraints from nuclear saturation properties, chiral effective field theory ($\chi$EFT), NICER radius measurements, and tidal deformability data from GW170817, we systematically...
Recently several exclusive breakup studies have been reported with stable weakly bound $\alpha$ cluster nuclei like $^{6,7}$Li and $^9$Be ($E_{th}$$<$ 2.5 MeV). A number of interesting observations and features related to breakup of projectile/ejectile in the vicinity of target nucleus have been revealed. There are very few exclusive charged particle coincidence studies performed for the...
Quasi-fission (QF) and fusion fission (FF) are two competing processes that affects formation probability of Super Heavy Element (SHE). To optimize the exploration of the SHE landscape, it is important to understand the competition between QF and FF. Several experiments are being carried out by us [1-2] to understand the dynamics of QF and FF, particularly to understand the role of entrance...
A. Di Pietro$^1$, N. Szegedi$^1$, P. Figuera$^1$, S. Cherubini$^{1,2}$,M. La Cognata$^1$, L. Guardo$^1$, M. Gulino$^{1,3}$,L. Lamia$^{1,2}$, A. Oliva$^1$, G. Pizzone$^{1,2}$, G. Rapisarda$^{1,2}$, R. Sparta'$^{1,3}$, M.L. Sergi$^{1,2}$, D. Torresi$^1$, A. Tumino$^{1,2}$, T. Davinson$^4$, N. Duy$^5$, J.P. Fernandez Garcia$^6$, S. Heinitz$^7$, S. Hayakawa$^8$, E.A. Maugeri$^7$, M. Milin$^9$, H....
A rich spectrum of giant resonances of different multipolarities and spin and isospin structure was expected on theoretical grounds. In the nineteen seventies, the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance (ISGQR) was discovered in electron scattering followed by the isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) in inelastic $\alpha$ scattering. In the last five decades, the compression modes the...
The ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is preparing for an upgrade during Long Shutdown 3 (LS3, 2026-2030), which includes replacing the three innermost layers of the Inner Tracking System (ITS2). The new ITS3 detector will introduce an innovative design featuring wafer-scale monolithic pixel sensors in 65 nm CMOS technology, thinned to 50 $\mu$m and bent into truly...
Neutron-induced reactions on Copper are of great relevance for both nuclear technologies and astrophysics. Copper is a key structural material in the TAPIRO research reactor, which plays a crucial role in validating nuclear data and materials for fast Generation IV reactors. Recent sensitivity and uncertainty studies on TAPIRO have highlighted the need for improved Copper cross section data...
The $^{197}$Au($\gamma$,n)$^{196}$Au reaction is commonly used as a reference process to measure the gamma beam intensity in photonuclear reaction experiments. However, at energies higher than 14.7 MeV, the cross-section values of the $^{197}$Au($\gamma$,n)$^{196}$Au reaction available in the literature (both from experiments and theory) exhibit conflicting values. Thus, we performed a new...
The neutron shielding properties of high-density concrete and magnetite aggregates have been evaluated through both experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulations. These materials are used in the medical accelerator facilities, making it essential to characterize their behavior against neutron radiation to ensure shielding efficiency. Our experimental results show good agreement between...
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The synthesis of a p-nuclei...
The LHCb experiment at CERN employs a general-purpose forward spectrometer designed to study heavy flavour physics at the LHC. The acceptance of the spectrometer covers the pseudorapidity range 2 < η < 5 and provides full tracking and particle identification down to very small transverse momenta. This makes LHCb also ideal to study hadronic interactions similar to those that occur in extensive...
Neutron capture reactions play an important role in nuclear astrophysics as they are at the base of the s-process and the r-process, the two main mechanisms of nucleosynthesis beyond the iron peak.
Neutron capture cross sections are therefore important inputs of stellar models. Their accurate knowledge is crucial to predict reliable stellar yields and isotopic abundances that, compared with...
The nuclear equation of state (EoS) plays a key role in many different aspects of modern physics, being fundamental for understanding the structure of nuclear matter, the properties of neutron stars, and the synthesis of heavy elements. While the properties of proton-neutron symmetric matter are relatively well known, the study of asymmetric matter via properties of neutron-rich nuclei became...
An important part of the physics programme of the COMPASS experiment at CERN consists in the measurement of transverse spin and transverse momentum effects in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (SIDIS) of high energy muons off unpolarised and transversely polarised nucleons.
In this talk, the most relevant new results on SIDIS off unpolarised protons and transversely polarised deuterons...
The Standard Model of particle physics is a widely accepted and well-established theory that is able to describe electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions using a common framework. However, phenomena such as masses of the neutrinos, the matter–antimatter asymmetry and the nature of dark matter and dark energy remain unexplained. At the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) we are setting up an...
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in laser-driven ion accelerators as a potential alternative to conventional accelerators [1]. A particularly promising application is the production of radionuclides relevant for medical diagnosis, such as 11C for PET imaging. Typically, the production of these nuclides is centralised at cyclotrons, reducing the number of facilities required,...
The miniTRASGO is a compact, cost-effective secondary cosmic ray detector optimized for studies in solar activity, cosmic rays, and atmospheric physics. Based on Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), it provides stable detection rates and high sensitivity. This was demonstrated by its successful measurement of Forbush Decreases in March and May 2024 at the Madrid station, which, at the time, hosted...
The Standard Model (SM) of electroweak interactions relies on key assumptions, such as the vector and axial-vector nature of the weak force, parity violation, and the masslessness of neutrinos, which were initially inferred from neutron beta decay. Nowadays, precision experiments with slow neutrons are involved in searches of physics beyond SM (BSM). The BRAND experiment is one of them. It...
The International Axion Observatory (IAXO) is a planned gaseous detector helioscope designed to detect axions, theorised to be dark matter candidates. A baseline detector prototype, IAXO-D0, is at present undergoing tests in Zaragoza. This prototype is sensitive to background high-energy neutrons that could induce false positive axion detections.
A neutron monitor has been proposed as a way...
13 beta-delayed two-proton (β2p) emitters are known today: $^{22}$Al, $^{22,23}$Si, $^{26}$P, $^{27}$S, $^{31}$Ar, $^{35}$Ca, $^{39}$Ti, $^{43}$Cr, $^{45,46}$Fe, and $^{50,51}$Ni. The Q-value (the energy released in the decay) is a major determining factor for what type of beta-delayed decays occur, and therefore two-proton emitters are found at or close to the dripline. Nuclear structure also...
A long time operation of Multi-Gap Resistive Plate Chambers with gas mixtures based on C$_2$H$_2$F$_4$ and SF$_6$ leads to aging effects reflected in an increase of the dark current and dark counting rate, with impact on the chamber performance. Moreover, the higher noise rate leads to an artificial increase of the data volume in a free-streaming data acquisition operation used in high...
The General Purpose Ion Buncher (GPIB) is a gas-filled radiofrequency-quadrupole that will be instaled at the entrance of the DESIR experimental hall currently under construction at GANIL. The GPIB will both cool the beams coming from the SPIRAL1 and S3 facilities and bunch them if needed by the experiments further downstream.
All the beams being delivered to the DESIR hall going through the...
The world’s leading measurement of the neutron’s electric dipole moment (EDM) is currently ongoing at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI): the n2EDM experiment. n2EDM will deliver, at minimum, an order of magnitude better sensitivity as compared to current limits on the neutron EDM. This increased sensitivity on the neutron EDM will provide stringent constraints on time-reversal violating...
The $^{44}$Ti nucleosynthesis, alongside its characteristic gamma decay chain, is a good gamma tracer of Supernovae events. Specifically for Core Collapse Supernova (CCSN) explosions, the final process experienced by stars with initial mass greater than 8 M$_\odot$, where the nucleosynthesis takes place. Besides, the comparison between observations and models of the synthetized $^{44}$Ti in...
The study of nuclear reactions involving light nuclei at low incident energies is essential for the development and corroboration of different theories and models applied to astrophysical environments [1,2]. The experimental Basic Nuclear Physics (FNB) line, installed at the 3 MV tandem accelerator of the National Accelerators Center (CNA), is being adapted and prepared to study these kinds of...
Quantum computing has the potential to provide new algorithms to solve problems that are otherwise untractable classically. Among these problems, one can employ quantum computers to solve quantum many-body problem. In this talk, I will review two different algorithms to attempt and solve the nuclear shell model in quantum computers. One approach is based on variational quantum eigensolvers, a...
TRIUMF's Ion Trap for Atomic and Nuclear science (TITAN) specializes in high-precision measurements and isobaric separation of exotic nuclei using advanced electromagnetic traps. These precise mass measurements are crucial for investigating nuclear structure and studying astrophysical processes involving isotopes far from the valley of stability.
TITAN’s Multiple-Reflection Time-of-Flight...
Exploring the nuclear structure properties of nuclei at the extremes of proton stability, is a quite challenging procedure, since these nuclei cannot be used in direct experiments due to their very unstable nature. An indirect way to probe them, might be required.
From their production in fusion evaporation and multi fragmentation reactions, according to the mass region that is probed, one...
Penning traps are widely used in high-precision mass spectrometry to determine atomic masses with exceptional precision and accuracy, playing a crucial role in atomic and nuclear physics research [1]. TRIGA-Trap is a high-precision, double Penning-trap mass spectrometer located in the reactor hall of the TRIGA (Training, Research, Isotopes, General Atomic) research reactor in Mainz, Germany...
An experimental program has been approved at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility to measure the (ep,e’K+)Y reactions to study the spectrum and structure of excited nucleon states. New data from CLAS12 on πN, ππN, and KY electroproduction have been obtained using electron beams with energies of 6.5 and 7.5 impinging upon a liquid hydrogen target. Scattered electrons have been...
First stars played a key role in shaping the chemical evolution of the universe, acting as the earliest sites of nucleosynthesis beyond the Big Bang. Yet, key aspects of their nuclear burning processes—particularly the formation of CNO nuclei from primordial material—remain among the long-standing puzzles in nuclear astrophysics.
Recent studies suggest that previously overlooked reaction...
The nuclei with few valence protons above Z=50 major shell closure, disclose a diverse structural phenomena, which are worth exploring. In these nuclei of A~120-130 region, the valence neutrons mainly promote the collectivity, whereas, the valence protons dominates the single particle structures in the nuclear structures. The available orbitals for both the protons and neutrons are, viz.,...
The radioisotope thorium-229 features a nuclear isomer with an exceptionally low excitation energy of ≈ 8.4 eV and a favorable coupling to the environment, making it a candidate for a next generation of optical clocks allowing to study fundamental physics such as the variation of the fine structure constant [1,2].
While first indirect experimental evidence for the existence of such a nuclear...
Octupole correlations near $N = Z = 56$ are unique in the sense that they occur between particles in the same orbitals for both neutrons and protons. In this region just above $^{100}$Sn, it is expected that enhanced octupole correlations will take place at low and medium spins in the light Te ($Z = 52$), I ($Z = 53$), and Xe ($Z = 54$) nuclei [1]. In this region of the nuclear chart, the...
The quest for an optical nuclear frequency standard, the ‘nuclear clock’ based on the elusive and uniquely low-energetic ‘thorium isomer’ $^{229m}$Th, has increasingly triggered experimental and theoretical research activities in numerous groups worldwide in the last decade. Today’s most precise timekeeping is based on optical atomic clocks. However, those could potentially be outperformed by...
The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is a central hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The TileCal plays an important role in the reconstruction of jets, hadronically decaying tau leptons, missing transverse energy, in the muon identification and provides information to the dedicated calorimeter trigger. This sampling calorimeter is composed by the plastic scintillating tiles and...
In the last decade, SiC-based detectors have emerged as strong candidates for next-generation particle detection. This is due to several advantageous properties of the material, including its high breakdown field, high saturation velocity, wide band-gap, radiation hardness, strong mechanical resistance, and thermal stability [1–3]. Additionally, SiC has been proposed as a promising solution...
Chiral effective field theory ($\chi$EFT) promises a systematic approach to describe the force between nucleons as arising from the fundamental principles of quantum chromodynamics. A power counting (PC) quantifies the relative importance of different contributions in the $\chi$EFT expansion. The PC ensures that the EFT predictions of observables show order-by-order convergence, which in turn...
Around us we see an universe filled with galaxies, stars and planets like ours. But when we look back to the Big Bang and the processes that created the matter in it, at first we observe that there should have been created the same amount of matter and antimatter, thus the universe would be empty or different than it is. Sakharov suggested several conditions to explain the matter-antimatter...
On Behalf of ALPHA Collaboration
CPT symmetry is a fundamental principle in the Standard Model of particle physics. Antihydrogen, the simplest atom of antimatter, is ideal for testing CPT invariance by comparing its properties with those, very well known, of hydrogen. The ALPHA experiment at CERN focuses on producing, confining, and studying antihydrogen. Antihydrogen is synthesized by...
The high momentum transfer encountered in heavy ion Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reactions provides an ideal environment for studying correlation phenomena beyond mean-field in Nuclear Matrix Elements (NMEs). This investigation is of paramount interest for probing the nuclear counterpart of the elusive neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay. Currently, the NMEs for such a decay are embedded in...
The study of nuclear fission remains a critical area of research, not only for understanding fundamental nuclear properties but also for its implications in the production of heavy elements in astrophysical environments. In r-process nucleosynthesis, fission barriers play a crucial role as they ultimately limit the mass of nuclei that can be produced. Currently, very limited data on fission...
Though the origin of most of the nuclides lighter than iron is now quite well understood, the synthesis of the heavy elements (i.e. heavier than iron) remains puzzling in many respects. The major mechanisms called for to explain the production of the heavy nuclei are the slow neutron-capture process (or s-process), occurring during the hydrostatic stellar burning phases, the rapid...
The properties of the nuclei at finite temperature are an active research topic in nuclear physics, particularly for understanding their structure, collective excitations and statistical behavior under extreme conditions (Cf. for example [1-3]) . Facilities such as Alto (Orsay, France), HIE-ISOLDE (CERN) and FRIB (USA) enable the study of hot nuclei through fission reactions and heavy-ion...
Proton-induced fission of $^{232}$Th and $^{238}$U at tens-of-MeV energies has been studied. This type of reactions is commonly used in the isotope separation on-line (ISOL) technique, which provides high-quality and intense rare isotope (RI) beams. This work aims to estimate RI beam yields for application at RAON, Korea's heavy-ion accelerator. A stochastic model based on the Langevin...
Quarkonia are bound states of a heavy quark and an antiquark of the same flavor. In pp collisions, such heavy quark masses require the quark pair to be produced in high-energy scatterings of partons in the colliding protons; once the quark and the antiquark are created, their binding into quarkonium states involves large spatial separations and low momentum scales. The whole production...
Neutron-induced fission reaction cross sections are crucial in various fields of nuclear science and technology. Experimental data from these reactions play a key role in understanding nuclear processes at high excitation energies, contributing to the development and refinement of models describing spallation, nuclear fragmentation, and binary fission. Moreover, accurate cross-section data are...
The $^{58}$Ni+$^{58}$Ni reaction was measured using the INDRA-FAZIA apparatus at three different energies: 32, 52, and 74 AMeV. In peripheral and semi-peripheral collisions, two main distinct reaction channels, one associated with the QP remnant and the other with the QP breakup channel, were identified. The analysis was conducted as a function of incident energy and collision centrality. In...
Recent advances in hadron therapy, particularly proton and carbon ion therapy, are reshaping the landscape of cancer treatment by offering increased precision, reduced toxicity, and expanded clinical indications. Technological innovations in beam delivery systems, adaptive treatment planning, and real-time imaging have significantly enhanced dose conformality while minimizing exposure to...
We employ the Continuum Discretized Coupled Channels (CDCC) method to investigate the breakup and total fusion cross sections for the weakly bound nuclei 6Li and 7Li on a 209Bi target at energies below, around and above the Coulomb barrier. Our analysis reveals that the inclusion of projectile resonances enhances breakup cross sections while suppressing fusion cross sections. These resonances...
This talk will present two resonant elastic scattering experiments addressing questions in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure. The first experiment focuses on the production of 18F in classical novae, critical for gamma-ray emissions from 𝛽+ decay. The reaction 18F( 𝑝, 𝛼)15O, which destroys 18F, remains uncertain due to limited spec-
troscopic data for 19Ne in the Gamow window. To...
N.S. Martorana1, G. D’Agata1,2, A. Barbon1,2, G. Cardella1, E. Geraci1,2,3, L. Acosta4,5,6, C. Altana6, A. Castoldi7, E. De Filippo 1, S. De Luca6, P. Figuera6, N. Giudice1,2, B. Gnoffo1,2, C. Guazzoni7, C. Maiolino6, E.V. Pagano6, S. Pirrone 1, G. Politi 1,2, L. Quattrocchi1,8, F. Risitano1,8, F. Rizzo2,3,6, P. Russotto6, G. Sapienza6, M. Trimarchi1,7, S. Tudisco6, C. Zagami...
The study of light hypernuclei, subatomic nuclei containing strange quarks, is an active area of research explored by multiple collaborations [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Recent investigations using high energy heavy ion collisions have yielded surprising insights into the three body hypernuclear state, Λ3H (hypertriton). Experimental measurements of its lifetime [1,2,3,7,8,9,10] and binding energy...
This work explores the effects of dilution on the retention phenomena of radioactive atoms produced in the Szilard-Chalmers reaction, with a minimum level of gamma radiation coming from the Am-Be source. For the first time, we demonstrate that the 128-I extraction yield, after a sizable post-irradiation time, can be maximized with a suitable dilution. The origin of this curious effect is still...
The In-Gas Laser Ionization and Spectroscopy (IGLIS) technique is a powerful tool to study atomic and nuclear properties of short-lived actinides [2]. Such studies are important to understand the atomic level scheme of these heavy elements, strongly influenced by electron correlations and relativistic effects. Also, fundamental nuclear properties still unknown for most of these nuclei, such as...
The HADES (High-Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer) detector is a versatile device operating at SIS18 synchrotron at GSI Darmstadt with a vital list of results in the elementary and heavy ion collisions. It combines unique capability of dileptons and hadrons identification. HADES provides a unique platform for investigating elementary reactions, with a particular focus on the strangeness and...
Searches for signatures of new physics involve many probes, in particular at low energies, beyond those accessible at high-energy colliders. Those searches also include charged current processes such as nuclear beta decay and electron capture.
In this presentation, I will review current efforts searching for new physics in nuclear beta decay and I will retrace the progress achieved so far in...
The search for Alpha-Cluster Condensate State (ACS) in always more heavy nuclei is one of the most intriguing puzzles of nuclear structure. In particular, in2021, Adachi et al. observed three states in $^{20}$Ne at 21.2, 21.8, and 23.6 MeV [1]. Such states have been suggested to be realistic candidates, being their decay well correlated with the underlying ACSs in lighter nuclei [2].In this...
One of the most effective techniques for investigating the mechanism of baryon production is the study of angular correlations between two particles. Angular correlations represent a convolution of various physical processes, such as mini-jets, Bose-Einstein quantum statistics, conservation of momentum, resonances, and other phenomena that contribute to the unique behavior observed for...
The 25Mg nucleus plays a critical role in nucleosynthesis processes, particularly in slow neutron capture process (s-process). The (α,n) reaction on 22Ne producing 25Mg is the main neutron source in massive stars. In addition, 25Mg is the origin of the formation of two other nuclei in stellar environments, the proton capture on 25Mg, forms 26Al and the neutron capture on 25Mg, forms 26Mg. The...
The formation of short-range correlated nucleon-nucleon pairs (SRCs), primarily composed of neutron-proton pairs [1], appears to be a universal feature in atomic nuclei [2]. Interestingly, measurements in electron scattering indicate that protons become significantly more correlated in asymmetric nuclei as a function of neutron excess. This has potential implications for the description of...
In our previous studies, possible and statistically significant observations of a bound dineutron in nucler reactions with fast neutrons on 159Tb [1] and 197Au [2] nuclei was investigated, that coincides with the Migdal’s and Dyugaev’s [3, 4] predictions about bound dineutron existence. To directly observe the decay of bound dineutrons, the estimation of half-life and the end-point energy for...
The third decadal review of solar fusion cross sections (SF-III) is based on a community consensus formed in a workshop in July 2022 in Berkeley with 50 participants representing many of the groups active in the field. It is now available online (https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.06470 , and Rev. Mod. Phys. in press).
I will present a nuclear physics based perspective on the SF-III recommended...
In the last decade, the ab-initio self-consistent Gorkov Green’s function (SCGGF) [1,2] approach has marked a step forward in the knowledge of bulk nuclear properties of even-even open-shell nuclei, such as the ones lying along the Ar-Cr isotopic chains [3,4]. The access to the one-particle propagator has allowed the study of ground and excited states of neighbouring odd-A isotopes...
The study of the heaviest elements remains a compelling scientific endeavor. By investigation of nuclei in the trans-fermium region, we can learn about the quasi-particle structure, pairing correlations, and excitation modes in these nuclei. Berkeley Lab scientists have led several recent experiments to study the excited level structure of nuclei in this region through prompt and delayed...
In the NUMEN experiment [1], one of the most critical points to be addressed is the interaction of high intensity beams with the target with heat development that needs to be dissipated to avoid the fusion of low melting point isotopes. The target must also be thin to avoid degrading the energy resolution of the MAGNEX spectrometer, and its containment system must be limited in material to...
The evolution of nuclear shell structure in exotic nuclei provides key insights into the fundamental nature of nuclear forces. In nuclei far from stability, conventional magic numbers can disappear, while new ones may emerge, a phenomenon known as shell evolution [1]. A well-known example is the evolution of the N=28 shell gap from $^{40}$Ca to $^{48}$Ca, which has been successfully explained...
The isovector giant dipole resonance (IVGDR)—a macroscopic oscillation where neutrons and protons move out of phase—serves as a key probe for studying the structure of many-body quantum systems. Generally, the width ($\Gamma_G$) of IVGDR is related to the various damping mechanism of this collective vibration and is an important observable to understand the structural details of excited...
The region surrounding the doubly magic nucleus $^{100}$Sn, particularly on the proton-rich side beyond the (N=50) shell closure, provides a crucial test ground for modern nuclear structure models. It offers access to fundamental phenomena such as isospin symmetry breaking, nucleon pairing, shell evolution, and the influence of the tensor force and Wigner energy [1]. Despite its importance,...
The appearance of a subshell closure in $^{56}$Cr (N=32) is confirmed by the high excitation energy of the 2$_{1}^{+}$ state and the B(E2;2$_1^+\rightarrow$0$_1^+$). Shell model calculations are able to reproduce the energy of the first 2$^+$ state but not the drop of collectivity at N=32 for the Cr isotopes.
The discrepancy between the experimental data and the theoretical calculations for...
The shape coexistence phenomenon was investigated in the Sn isotopes region around A=110, by means of $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy and lifetime measurements of low-spin states. Recent observations of prolate axially deformed $0^+$ states in $^{64,66}$Ni isotopes, with a strongly hindered decay to the first $2^+$ excited state of spherical nature (shape-isomer-like excitations), were reported ...
Brunilde Gnoffo a,b, Sara Pirroneb , Giuseppe Politi a,b, Enrico De Filippob , Giuseppe Cardellab , Elena Geraci a,b, Concettina Maiolinoc , Nunzia Simona Martoranab , Emanuele Vincenzo Paganoc , Massimo Papab, Fabio Risitano d,b, Francesca Rizzoa,c,e, Paolo Russottoc , Marina Trimarchid,b, Cristina Zagamia,c,e
A Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia ”Ettore Majorana”, Universita...
L. Corradi1, S. Szilner3, G. Andreetta1,2, E.Fioretto1, A. Goasduff1, A. Gottardo1, A. M. Stefanini1, J. J. Valiente-Dobón1, F. Angelini1,2, M. Balogh1, D. Brugnara1, G. de Angelis1, A. Ertoprak1, B. Gongora Servin1, A. Gozzelino1, T. Marchi1, D.R. Napoli1, J. Pellumaj1, R.M. Pérez-Vidal1, M. Sedlak1, D. Stramaccioni1,2, L. Zago1,2, I. Zanon1, P. Aguilera4, J. Benito4, S. Carollo2,4, R....
At present, the research into the synthesis of superheavy elements is being pursued under two main goals. One goal is to synthesize elements with larger atomic numbers, and the other is to reach Island of Stability predicted as the next double magic nucleus. The periodic table is currently marked up to element 118, Oganesson (Og) [1], and experiments are being conducted with the aim of...
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D'AVANCE MERCI
MARIE-LAURE
Decays of spin-polarised and quantum-entangled hyperon-antihyperon pairs have recently presented themselves as promising hunting grounds for processes that violate fundamental symmetries, such as charge conjugation (C) and charge conjugation and parity (CP). When hyperons are produced in electron-positron annihilations, the quantum numbers of the initial state are well-known. This enables a...
The four-body Schrödinger equations in momentum representation are solved to investigate the bound-state solutions for a system consisting of a phi-meson (ϕ) and three nucleons (NNN). The analysis uses a new spin-3/2 N−ϕ potential derived from lattice QCD simulations near the physical point and the realistic NN Malfliet-Tjon (MT) potential. Our numerical calculations for the ϕppn system in...
The Bellotti Ion Beam Facility (IBF) [1] is located in the deep underground site of Laboratori del Gran Sasso (LNGS), Italy. The facility is named in honor of Enrico Bellotti, the first director of the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), Italy, who initiated the first installation of an underground accelerator for the study of nuclear reactions of astrophysical interest, following a...
The future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) will offer a unique opportunity to explore the parton distributions
inside nucleons and nuclei thanks to an unprecedented luminosity, a wide range of energies, a large choice of nuclei
and polarization of both beams.
The electron Proton-Ion Collider collaboration (ePIC) detector will be capable of precise determination
of the position of primary...
The observation of neutrinoless double beta (0$\nu\beta\beta$) decay would have profound implications on the field of neutrino physics, giving key insights into multiple questions simultaneously. It would prove the existence of a lepton number violating process, determining if neutrinos are Majorana particles as well as constraining the overall mass hierarchy and the absolute mass scale of the...
The new PID equipment of the Super-FRS [1], presently under construction at FAIR, was qualified using SIS18 beams (C, Ag, U) delivered at different energies 400-1000 MeV/nucleon.
The absence at GSI of a beam line suitable to be equipped with Super-FRS vacuum detectors, due the large acceptance in momentum of the Super-FRS, enforced to install the first equipped Super-FRS diagnostic chamber in...
The idea of the capability of nuclei to emit two alpha particles simultaneously dates back to the late 1970s, inspired by the concept of two-proton radioactivity. Subsequently, observation of the exotic decay was considered unfeasible due to the extremely low branching ratio, which was calculated to be on the order of $10^{-20}$ or less. Recent theoretical work by Mercier et al. (PRL...
The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) aims to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter at high baryon densities. It is designed to study heavy-ion collisions at beam energies of up to 11 AGeV using the SIS100 synchrotron. The CBM will explore collisions of high-intensity nuclear beams with thick fixed targets...
The multi-configurational dynamical symmetry (MUSY) serves as a unifying framework that links the fundamental structure models of atomic nuclei: the shell, collective, and cluster models [1, 2]. It constitutes a composite symmetry where each configuration possesses a usual [U(3)] dynamical symmetry and an additional symmetry that connects these configurations among themselves. As a consequence...
The production and abundances of neon and sodium isotopes in massive stars, novae and supernovae is strictly connected to the cross section of proton reactions with Ne isotopes. In particular, the 21Ne(p,γ)22Na reaction has a relevant role in the production of the radioactive isotope 22Na in novae and supernovae. At T~0.1-0.7GK, the main contributions to the stellar rate are provided by...
The ISOLDE Superconducting Recoil Separator (ISRS) [1] is an innovative high-resolution recoil separator aiming to extend the physics program of HIE-ISOLDE by using gamma-particle correlations and decay spectroscopy at the focal plane detector. The objective of the ISRS´s theory group is to predict direct and compound-nuclei production for selected nuclear reactions, aiming to optimize the...
Infinite nuclear matter lies at the crossroads of nuclear physics investigations, as it connects the microscale of nuclei and the macroscale of compact celestial bodies. On the one hand, nuclear matter properties can be partially constrained by finite nuclei observables and astrophysical observations. On the other hand, nuclear matter can guide the development of both ab initio nuclear...
The nuclear interaction problem can nowadays be addressed within the systematic framework of effective field theories, rooted in the underlying quantum chromodynamics through its approximate and dynamically broken chiral symmetry. Nevertheless, despite tremendous progress, long-standing discrepancies between theory and experiment persist in the A=3 continuum, most notably the so-called Ay...
The spectroscopic quadrupole moment ($Q$) is a fundamental property that provides information about nuclear deformation. However, its precise extraction for the transition elements remains challenging due to their complex atomic structures. Meanwhile, muonic atoms offer a simpler hydrogen-like structure with amplified hyperfine interaction effects. Recent efforts have revived this technique,...
We present the preliminary analysis of an experiment performed at INFN LNL in November 2023 aimed at studying the two-octupole phonon collectivity in $^{96}$Zr. The goal of the experiment was to perform a $\gamma$-decay branching ratio measurement from the $6^+$ to the $3^-$ state, so as to extract the B(E3; $6^+\rightarrow3^-$) value. If large, this parameter would indicate for the $6^+$...
The existence of the three flavours of neutrinos, electron, muon and tau neutrino, predicted by the Standard Model of particle physics has been experimentally proven decades ago. Contrary to the Standard Model however, neutrino oscillation experiments [1] have shown that they are massive particles, making neutrino mass measurements a gateway to physics beyond the Standard Model. As these...
The femtoscopy technique at the Large Hadron Collider has proven capable of providing unprecedented precision information on the low-energy interaction between nucleons and strange hadrons. The experimental methodology exploits the emission of particle pairs at the femtometer scale in the collisions and analyzes the momentum correlation induced by free scattering of the produced hadrons. The...
To meet the sustainable development goals of the United Nations we have to transform our global economy into energy-smart, sustainable, cyclic societies. The materials we nowadays employ for storage and conversion of energy but also for regulation of energy transport are commonly complex compound systems often containing light chemical elements such as hydrogen, lithium or oxygen, either...
For many years, nuclear medicine was focus mainly on imaging using Technecium-99m. Some therapy was conducted using Iodine-131 mainly to treat thyroid cancer. In the 2000’s, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging arrived leading to a new wave of applications for nuclear medicine especially in cancer imaging using Flurodesoxyglucose labelled with fluorine-18 (18F-FDG). Several attempt to...
