Rescuing Venezuela's Harlequin Toads: A Science-Based Conservation Program
Margarita Lampo PhD
Researcher
Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Research.
Rescuing Venezuela's harlequin toads: a science-based conservation program
Summary
Harlequin toads (Atelopus) are among the most threatened amphibians, with 85% of the species at risk of extinction. In Venezuela, the Rancho Grande Harlequin Toad (Atelopus cruciger) vanished in the late '80s, likely due to chytridiomycosis, a disease caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Despite sustained efforts to locate them in their former habitats, only two populations have been found in lowland areas, totaling fewer than 500 reproductive individuals. Its estimated extent of occurrence is less than 100 km2, and its area of occupancy is less than 10 km2. Remarkably, these two populations have endured alongside Bd for decades.
Following two decades of research into relict populations of the RG Harlequin Toad, the first ex-situ program was launched in 2022 to secure backup colonies and produce captive-bred toads for reintroduction into the wild. I invite you to delve into the fascinating mechanisms by which these toads manage to coexist with the lethal fungus and to learn about our current endeavors to save this species from the brink of extinction. Our ultimate aspiration is to restore self-sustaining populations that will thrive naturally and inspire other conservation actions by using the RG Harlequin Toad as a flagship species.
