Quantum electrodynamics (QED) has been tested extensively in the
weak field regime where the perturbative methods lead to results that agree to a
fantastic accuracy with the measured data. When approaching the critical QED
field (~1016 V/cm) non‐linear effects (both multi‐photon and vacuum
polarization) become prominent and the application of these techniques is of
limited use and the different processes can be treated only within a semiclassical
theoretical frame. One such effect is the production of e+e‐ pairs in lightby‐
light scattering observed by the E‐144 experiment at the Stanford Linear
Accelerator Center (SLAC). The data can be viewed as a manifestation of the
multi‐photon version of the Breit‐Wheeler process. Alternatively they can also be
interpreted as a direct evidence of the “sparking of the vacuum”, a phenomenon
predicted more than 70 years ago but eluded experimental verification until the
time of this experiment.