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Nicolas Dagoneau (APC)16/03/2021 14:00
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M. Arnaud Raoux16/03/2021 14:05Oral presentation
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Mlle Zoé Favier (CEA-Saclay / Irfu)16/03/2021 14:10
The heaviest element which has been found in nature is uranium with 92 protons. So far, the elements up to atomic number 118 (oganesson) have been discovered and synthesised in the laboratory and the last one was named after the physicist Y. Oganessian in 2016. All transuranium elements are radioactive and their production rates decrease with increasing number of protons. An Island of...
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Paul Robin (Ecole Normale Supérieure - PSL)16/03/2021 14:30
New energy-efficient computer architectures inspired by the mammalian brain have been growing as an alternative to traditional von Neumann computing. Yet, existing hardware implementations use electrons as charge carriers, while neurons rely on transport of ions for both computation and the building of memory. In my presentation, I will show how a two-dimensional electrolyte confined between...
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Olivier Rousselle (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (Sorbonne Université))16/03/2021 14:50
One of the main questions of fundamental physics is the action of gravity on antimatter. We present here the simulation of the last part of the experiment GBAR at CERN, i.e. the measurement of the free fall acceleration 𝑔̅ of antihydrogen atoms in the gravitational field of Earth. It includes the Monte-Carlo generation of trajectories and the analysis leading to the estimation of 𝑔̅. A...
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Dr Abdallah SLAOUI (Laboratory of High Energy Physics, Modeling and Simulation. Faculty of Sciences. University Mohammed V of Rabat. B.P. 1014, Rabat, Morocco)16/03/2021 15:10
In the last decade, quantum signals and detectors carved out a place for themselves in mainstream technology. Characterization of those devices at the quantum level is thus a crucial ingredient for the development of quantum technologies. Quantum metrology, on the other hand, is the art of estimating the value of one or more parameters of interest. Recently, it has been shown that the quantum...
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Fiona Desplats (CEA/DES/IRESNE/DER/SPRC/LEPH)16/03/2021 15:12
One of the current challenges of heavy-material-reflector reactors is the need to precisely model space and energy flux variations at the core-reflector interface. Incorrect representations of reflector effects can introduce significant errors in the resulting calculation (reactivity and reaction rates).
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This paper aims to describe a methodology that provides a deterministic solver with the... -
Jean-Baptiste Bodin (Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (UMR8214) et Institut Galien Paris-Saclay (UMR 8612))16/03/2021 15:14
Photoacoustic imaging is an emerging biomedical imaging modality combining optical and ultrasound waves to map optical-absorption contrast at centimetric depth with sub-millimeter resolution. The key is the photoacoustic (PA) effect: optically absorbing structures emit ultrasound waves when excited with a ns-laser pulse. To reach cm-depth, PA imaging operates in the near-infrared (NIR) window...
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abdellah Tnourji (Laboratoire de Clermont de Physique)16/03/2021 15:16
The large increase of pile-up interactions is one of the main experimental challenge for HL-LHC physics program. Covering the pseudo-rapidity region between 2.4 and 4.0, the Hight Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD) is therefore proposed for the ATLAS Phase-II upgrade. Using the ability to distinguish between interactions within an event at different 𝑧 positions or time by high-precision...
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Sameer Gupta (PhD student)16/03/2021 15:18
Cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells are still at the front end of the few thin-film technologies exceeding 22% of efficiency. The latter record was made possible by Se alloying in the CdTe absorber.[1] This surge in efficiency has seen the manufacturing cost reducing to such levels that now CdTe photovoltaics electricity is cheaper than popular silicon photovoltaics. CdTe has a band-gap value...
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Adrian van Kan (LPENS)16/03/2021 15:22
Instabilities arise in many physical systems at some parameter threshold. Typically the system is embedded in an uncontrolled noisy environment. The fluctuating properties of the environment affect the control parameters of the instability, which leads to multiplicative noise. The result of multiplicative noise close to an instability threshold is on-off intermittency, which is...
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Mathieu Le Verge-Serandour (CIRB, Collège de France, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology)16/03/2021 15:24
The blastocoel is a fluid-filled cavity characteristic of the blastula stage during embryonic development. Its formation is a keystone in the morphogenesis of the mammalian embryo, yet the physical mechanism for its emergence remains unclear.
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We recently showed that the blastocoel results from micron-sized cavities, nucleating at the adhesive side of cells and coarsening in a process akin to... -
Dr soufiya MIZANI (laboratory of condensed matter , Faculty of sciences Ben M’Sik . University Hassan II of Casablanca ,Maroc), Dr Hicham ZERRADI (1Laboratory of condensed matter, faculty of sciences Ben M‘sick (URAC.10). University Hassan II of Casablanca, Morocco), Prof. Aouatif DEZAIRI (1Laboratory of condensed matter, faculty of sciences Ben M‘sick (URAC.10). University Hassan II of Casablanca, Morocco)16/03/2021 15:26
the Experimental and theoretical research related to improving the transfer of a number of authors
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have carried out heat using nanoparticles and their results showed that the heat transfer of
nanofluids is very important in this context our work presents a critical model for improved heat
transfer This work is done on the basis of a 2D numerical dimension of heat transport models,
which... -
Raquel Galazo Garcia (IPhT)16/03/2021 15:28
In the paradigm of the Standard Cosmological Model, 83% of the mass density in the Universe cannot be explained with ordinary baryonic matter and requires an additional non-baryonic component. The preferred scenario since the 1980s is weakly interacting massive particles scenario (> 1 GeV) (WIMPS). However, despite many experiments, these particles have still not been detected. This has...
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Rachma AZIHARI (CEA SACLAY/CEMES-CNRS)16/03/2021 15:30
Austenitic stainless steels are used in the nuclear industry to make the internals parts of Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) such as baffle and former plates. Numerous Baffle-to-Former Bolts (BFB) intergranular failures have been reported as a result of Irradiation Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking (IASCC) phenomenon. In order to predict the cracking of the grain boundary through a...
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Vitaly Gorelov (Ecole Polytechnique)16/03/2021 15:32
We study the gap closure with pressure in Phases III and IV of molecular crystalline hydrogen by Quantum Monte Carlo methods [1]. Nuclear quantum and thermal effects are considered from first principles with Coupled Electron Ion Monte Carlo. The fundamental electronic gaps are obtained from grand-canonical Quantum Monte Carlo methods [2] properly extended to quantum crystals. Nuclear zero...
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Mlle Lami Suleiman (Laboratoire Univers et Théories)16/03/2021 16:00
Neutron Stars are compact objects which interior is subject to extreme densities, gravitational fields and magnetic fields. As such conditions cannot yet be reproduced in laboratories, astronuclear physicists use multi-messenger astronomy to turn Neutron Stars into our very own extraterrestrial laboratories for dense matter. We present some recent results established from X-ray measurements of...
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Masoud Rostami (Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS)/Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK))16/03/2021 16:20
More than half of the globe is considered the tropics, thus a proper understanding of the tropical atmosphere is crucial for improved global forecasts as well as the projections of the global climate change. The tropical atmosphere is traditionally considered dominated by moist cumulus convection associated with strongly divergent horizontal flows. The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the...
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Quentin Gorit (CEA Cadarache, IRFM, 13108 Saint-Paul-Les-Durance)16/03/2021 16:40
For the commissioning of JT-60SA Tokamak (Japan, beginning of 2021, Project decided in the framework of Broader Approach to ITER Tokamak Project), all the superconducting coils have to be energized with a set of reduced and then nominal current after they became superconducting at 4.5 K cooling temperature with supercritical helium forced flow in Cable-In-Conduit Conductors (CICC).
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An... -
Kevin Berlemont (NYU)17/03/2021 14:00
Electrophysiological recordings during perceptual decision tasks in monkeys suggest that the degree of confidence in a decision is based on a simple neural signal produced by the neural decision process. Attractor neural networks provide an appropriate biophysical modeling framework (Wong and Wang 2006), and account for a variety of experimental results. Here we report on our work providing...
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Jeyathasan Viswanathan (CEA)17/03/2021 14:20
Laser-plasma acceleration is used to accelerate charged particles and can minimize the size of the next-generation accelerators. However, compared to radiofrequency accelerators, the energies of particles are still low. The ion beam produced by the interaction of the target medium and the high-power laser depends mainly on the laser parameters and the target characteristics. To enhance the ion...
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17/03/2021 15:00
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Dr Claire Guépin (IAP)17/03/2021 15:10PhysicsOral presentation
The advent of time-domain and multimessenger astronomy opens new perspectives to study the most energetic phenomena of our universe, and identify the mysterious sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and high-energy neutrinos. In my thesis, I developed new analytical and numerical tools to study the production of cosmic rays, gamma rays and neutrinos from various populations of energetic...
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William Legrand (Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Saclay; Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS)17/03/2021 15:30PhysicsOral presentation
Magnetic skyrmions are nanoscale non-collinear configurations of the magnetic order, featuring specific topological properties. This talk will present how the proper balance of several magnetic interactions allows for their stabilization up to room temperature. One key ingredient is the presence of a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya antisymmetric exchange interaction, which will be discussed from an...
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Noémie Bonnet (CNRS/Université Paris-Saclay)17/03/2021 16:10
In this contribution, we will present new results on optical and structural properties of WS2 (from the TMD semiconductor family) encapsulated monolayer, at the tens of nanometer scale. The strength of this work is the correlation of optical spectra at the nanoscale with structural and chemical maps, connecting what is usually available in optical diffraction limited techniques, such as...
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Rashi Jain (University of Strasbourg)17/03/2021 16:30
Stars are formed when a humongous molecular clouds collapses under its own gravity giving rise to multiple local collapses within the cloud itself. Stars are never formed in isolation and are always formed in groups. When one cloud collapses it gives rise to formation of multiple stars in the same system. When formed this way the stars share similar chemical properties and are of same ages...
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Gioacchino Piazza17/03/2021 16:50
Axions originally emerged as low-energy remnants of the Peccei Quinn solution to the strong CP problem, but they also unavoidably contribute to the energy density of the Universe. The thermal axion population contributes to the effective number of extra relativistic degrees of freedom, whose value is constrained by cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments.
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In the talk I will discuss... -
Thomas Montandon (APC/IJCLab)18/03/2021 14:00
Inflation is a hypothetical very early period of the universe when it was expanding exponentially. It has been introduced to explain the homogeneity and the flatness of the observed universe. Remarkably, inflation provides a very nice explanation for the origin of the tiny fluctuations that we observe in the cosmic microwave background: all the known particles come from one single scalar field...
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M. Gérald Munoz (Michelin)18/03/2021 14:20
Resistance to fracture is an essential property for manufacturers, in particular those who work with elastomers. In a highly deformed crosslinked polymer, the force to which each chain is subjected depends on the local structure of the network (length of the chains, number of entanglements, local geometry, etc.). In general, a chain breaking is caused by extreme tension. Following a chain...
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Florian Mercier (IJCLab)18/03/2021 14:40
Nuclear systems display a huge diversity of properties, proving the complexity of their structure. This complexity has multiple causes, the first one being the inner structure of protons and neutrons. Since they are constituted of quarks, the underlying theory of Quantum ChromoDynamics (QCD) plays an important role in the description of nuclei. However, at the energies involved in nuclear...
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abdellah Tnourji (Laboratoire de Clermont de Physique)18/03/2021 15:00
Measurements of top quark spin observables in tt ̄ events represents a unique possibility to test the standard model (SM) predictions and probe the new physics effects. Potential deviations from the SM expectations are parametrized within the framework of the Effective Field Theory (EFT). In this presentation, we introduce how to measure the spin correlation between top quarks and we cover...
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Halim Ashkar (CEA-Irfu)18/03/2021 15:40
When a cataclysmic event takes place in the Universe, like the coalescence of compact objects like neutron stars or black holes, it is unveiled through a variety of waves and rays emanating from it. These are considered as messengers that can be detected on Earth through different observatories. Each one of these emissions is a signature of a particular physical phenomenon that is taking...
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Benjamin De Bruyne (Paris-Saclay University)18/03/2021 16:00
Brownian motion is certainly one of the most popular stochastic process to model particles in interaction with their surrounding environment. In its simplest form, Brownian motion is driven by an uncorrelated white noise induced by thermal fluctuations. Thanks to its universality, it has proven to be a successful model to describe a wide range of first-passage phenomena whereby a particular...
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adele plat18/03/2021 16:20
The James Webb Space Telescope will enable the direct exploration of primeval galaxies near the Epoch of Reionization, at the end of the Dark Ages. To best interpret these upcoming observations in terms of constraints on theories of galaxy formation and evolution, we require models of the light emitted by the first galaxies. A particularly critical task is to identify spectral diagnostics of...
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Rodolfo Rocco (Université Paris-Saclay)18/03/2021 16:40
Mott insulators are materials which should have metallic properties according to tight-binding calculations, but are found to have insulating properties instead. This discrepancy between theory and experiments can be explained with the failure of the independent-electron approximation to account for Coulomb interactions, which are not negligible in such materials. When this contribution is...
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Sanro Mathew (UGA-CNRS)18/03/2021 17:00
Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical process that has been the basis of applications including frequency-doubling of laser sources, characterization of materials and it has also been a subject of fundamental research interest since decades.
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Within this context, nonlinear plasmonics is one sub-domain of nanophysics wherein nonlinear optical processes such as SHG are...
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