The final picture on the S8 tension from KiDS Cosmic Shear
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A strongly debated puzzle in modern cosmology is the so-called S_8 tension: a persistent discrepancy between measurements of the matter clustering amplitude from different epochs of the Universe. Early-Universe probes such as the cosmic microwave background typically infer higher values of S_8, while late-time large-scale structure observables such as cosmic shear, galaxy clustering, or galaxy cluster counts, consistently prefer lower values. In some cases, this tension reaches several standard deviations, raising questions about possible unrecognized systematics or hints of new physics.
Earlier this year, the Kilo-Degree Survey released its final weak-lensing data set and cosmological results. In this talk, I will present these measurements, highlight the methodological advances compared to previous KiDS analyses, and discuss their implications for the S_8 tension. I will conclude with a perspective on the future of cosmic shear studies, in particular the transformative role expected from the upcoming Euclid mission.