Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are typically observed as brief flashes of MeV radiation. Short-duration GRBs (< 2 s) are commonly associated with neutron star mergers, making them prime multi-messenger sources with gravitational waves. Long-duration GRBs (~20 s), on the other hand, are linked to certain classes of collapsars. Despite this broad dichotomy, recent discoveries have revealed puzzling...
The XENONnT experiment, located at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, is a direct dark matter search experiment using a dual-phase xenon Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with a total active mass of 8.6 tonnes. Thanks to its ultra-low background and low-energy threshold, XENONnT is optimized for the detection of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), while also...
Observationally, we only know that dark matter (DM) interacts gravitationally. Much experimental and observational effort is spent probing further DM-induced signals, particularly interactions between DM and the visible sector. One of these search efforts includes dedicated underground laboratories, trying to measure DM particles scattering off of targets. In this talk, I will discuss the...
The study of dark matter halos is pivotal in unravelling the nature of dark matter particles, their detection and structure formation in the universe. Our work aims to track and investigate dark matter halo dynamics, from the initial collapse of tiny perturbations forming prompt cusps to the gradual evolution of their profiles into the universal NFW(Einasto) profile. We examine a specific set...
The QCD axion is a well-motivated hypothetical particle that simultaneously addresses the strong CP problem and constitutes a compelling cold dark matter candidate. The MADMAX experiment (Magnetized Disk and Mirror Axion Experiment) is designed to search for dark matter axions and similar particles (axion-like particles and dark photons) in the mass range of 40–400 μeV by boosting the...
Accurate modeling of the early X-ray emission in short GRBs is essential for probing the GRB engine, understanding jet physics, and improving electromagnetic follow-up of gravitational wave signals from binary neutron star mergers in the context of multi-messenger astronomy.
Thanks to the operation of the Swift satellite over the last 20 years, we now have access to an extensive archive of...
Abstract: Neutron stars are compact objects formed from the gravitational collapse of massive stellar cores. They are among the most extreme objects in the Universe, with central densities exceeding nuclear saturation density and magnetic fields that are the strongest known in nature. Rather than constituting a uniform class, neutron stars display a broad diversity in their observational...
Fifteen years of the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) data in the halo region of the Milky Way (MW) are analyzed to search for gamma rays from dark matter annihilation. Gamma-ray maps within the region of interest (|l|≤60 deg, 10≤|b|≤60 deg) are modeled using point sources, the GALPROP models of cosmic-ray interactions, isotropic background, and templates of Loop I and the Fermi bubbles, and...
Next-generation gravitational wave observatories like the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer will open new windows into cosmology. On one hand Gravitational Waves can trace the large-scale structure of the universe, working alongside traditional galaxy surveys to enhance our ability to test and refine cosmological models. On the other hand, as standard sirens, gravitational wave sources...
Dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are among the most dark matter (DM) dominated objects, with negligible expected astrophysical gamma-ray emission. This makes nearby dSphs ideal targets for indirect searches of a DM particle signal. The accurate knowledge of their DM content makes it possible to derive robust constraints on the velocity-weighted cross section of DM annihilation. We report on a...
Space radiation poses a significant challenge for long-duration human space missions, with primary sources including Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs), Solar Particle Events (SPEs), and trapped particles within the Van Allen belts. These high-energy radiations induce severe biological effects on astronauts and degrade spacecraft systems, making effective shielding a critical requirement....
PandaX-4T is a multi-tonne-scale dark matter direct searching experiment, utilizing 3.7 tonne liquid xenon as target material in sensitive volume. The experiment is located at China Jinping Underground Laboratory, with overburden of 2400 meter water equivalent. In 2024, the PandaX-4T experiment has released various search results. And this report will introduce the recent progress of searches...
A variety of detection techniques employing different materials has been suggested for the direct detection of low-mass galactic dark matter particles, which fall below the sensitivity of traditional direct detection experiments. Bilayer graphene is one such material that has been proposed for the detection of sub-MeV mass dark matter particles through electronic excitations. In this work, we...
